Acute Toxicity, Respiratory Reaction, and Sensitivity of Three Cyprinid Fish Species Caused by Exposure to Four Heavy Metals

Wang, Hongjun; Liang, Youguang; Li, Sixin; Chang, Jianbo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065282

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this study, we analyzed the sensitivity of the leaf extracts of E. fluctuans in the experimental fish and have shown that the lethal effect of the leaf extract was highest on zebrafish at the exposure time of 96 hrs. The LC50 at 96 hrs of exposure of zebra fish in the present study was 2.798, which was lower than the LC50 of tests conducted with cd 2+ and Zn 2+ in zebrafish i.e., 6.5 and 44.48 mg/L and greater than the 96 hr LC50 with Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ , i.e., 0.17 and 0.14 mg/L [16]. Histopathology of zebrafish treated with the plant extracts and control was studied in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Acute toxicity of Leaf extracts ofEnydra fluctuansLour in Zebrafish (Danio rerioHamilton)

Xavier

Kripasana

2020

Preprint

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AbstractThe present study was focused on the concentration dependent changes in oral acute toxicity of leaf extracts of E. fluctuans in zebrafish. The study was also aimed at the details of histopathological changes in gill, liver, brain and intestine of zebrafish exposed to the leaf extracts of the plant E. fluctuans. Enydra fluctuans Lour is an edible semi-aquatic herbaceous plant used widely for the alleviation of the different diseases. Since there were no toxicity studies conducted on this plant the present study was an attempt to look into the elements of toxicity of the plants. Two types of experiments are conducted in the present study. First, the acute oral toxicity study was conducted as per the OECD guidelines 203. Second, histopathological changes were observed in the fishes exposed to the lethal concentrations of plant extract. The oral acute toxicity studies conducted on Zebrafish have revealed that the leave extracts of E. fluctuans were toxic to the tested fish at the concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight. The histopathological studies conducted on intestine of treated fishes showed that treatment has induced rupturing of villi structure and fusion of villi membrane and detachment of villi structure from basal membrane of intestine. The histology of the liver also showed severe vacuolization in the cells while it is not affected in control. The studies on gills showed the detachment of basal epithelial membrane in gills compared to control which might have led to death of the fish. The histopathological observations of brain tissues treated with test samples also revealed the marked impingement in brain parenchyma while the control is normal without impingement of brain.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Acute toxicity of Leaf extracts ofEnydra fluctuansLour in Zebrafish (Danio rerioHamilton)

Xavier

Kripasana

2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…In this study, we analyzed the sensitivity of the leaf extracts of E. fluctuans in the experimental fish and have shown that the lethal effect of the leaf extract was highest on zebrafish at the exposure time of 96 hrs. e LC 50 at 96 hrs of exposure of zebra fish in the present study was 92.956, which was greater than the LC 50 of tests conducted with cd 2+ and Zn 2+ in zebrafish, i.e., 6.5 and 44.48 mg/L and also greater than the 96 hr LC 50 with Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ , i.e., 0.17 and 0.14 mg/L [17]. Studies conducted by Nwani et al [18] on the fish Channa punctatus have revealed the toxicity and expressed in terms of LC 50 for glyphosate and atrazine as 32.540 and 42.380 mg/ L and the 96 hr LC 50 with carbosulfan, as 0.268 mg/L.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Acute Toxicity of Leaf Extracts ofEnydra fluctuansLour in Zebrafish (Danio rerioHamilton)

Xavier

Kripasana

2020

Scientifica

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The present study was focused on the concentration-dependent changes in oral acute toxicity of leaf extracts of E. fluctuans in zebrafish. The study was also aimed at the details of histopathological changes in the gill, liver, brain, and intestine of zebrafish exposed to the leaf extracts of the plant E. fluctuans. Enydra fluctuans Lour is an edible semiaquatic herbaceous plant used widely for the alleviation of the different diseases. Since there were no toxicity studies conducted on this plant, the present study was an attempt to look into the elements of toxicity of the plants. Two types of experiments are conducted in the present study. First, the acute oral toxicity study was conducted as per the OECD guidelines 203. Second, histopathological changes were observed in the fishes exposed to the lethal concentrations of plant extract. The oral acute toxicity studies conducted on Zebrafish have revealed that the leave extracts of E. fluctuans were toxic to the tested fish at the concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight. The histopathological studies conducted on the intestine of treated fishes showed that treatment has induced rupturing of the villi structure and fusion of villi the membrane and detachment of the villi structure from the basal membrane of the intestine. The histology of the liver also showed severe vacuolization in the cells while it is not affected in control. The studies on gills showed the detachment of the basal epithelial membrane in the gills compared to control which might have led to death of the fish. The histopathological observations of brain tissues treated with test samples also revealed the marked impingement in the brain parenchyma while the control is normal without impingement of the brain.

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“…limnocharis [ 42 ] and C . idellus [ 43 ] are available, these toxicity data suitable for deriving the criteria in the freshwater for Cu by BLM are not numerous. Few of these tests were accompanied by analysis of the exposure concentrations for Cu and water quality parameters in the test water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality Criteria for Copper Based on the BLM Approach in the Freshwater in China

et al. 2017

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The bioavailability and toxicity of metals to aquatic organisms are highly dependent on water quality parameters in freshwaters. The biotic ligand model (BLM) for copper is an approach to generate the water quality criteria (WQC) with water chemistry in the ambient environment. However, few studies were carried out on the WQCs for copper based on the BLM approach in China. In the present study, the toxicity for copper to native Chinese aquatic organisms was conducted and the published toxicity data with water quality parameters to Chinese aquatic species were collected to derive the WQCs for copper by the BLM approach. The BLM-based WQCs (the criterion maximum criteria (CMC) and the criterion continuous concentration (CCC)) for copper in the freshwater for the nation and in the Taihu Lake were obtained. The CMC and CCC values for copper in China were derived to be 1.391 μg/L and 0.495 μg/L, respectively, and the CMC and CCC in the Taihu Lake were 32.194 μg/L and 9.697 μg/L. The high concentration of dissolved organic carbon might be a main reason which resulted in the higher WQC values in the Taihu Lake. The WQC of copper in the freshwater would provide a scientific foundation for water quality standards and the environment risk assessment in China.

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Acute Toxicity, Respiratory Reaction, and Sensitivity of Three Cyprinid Fish Species Caused by Exposure to Four Heavy Metals

Cited by 51 publications

References 20 publications

Acute toxicity of Leaf extracts ofEnydra fluctuansLour in Zebrafish (Danio rerioHamilton)

Acute toxicity of Leaf extracts ofEnydra fluctuansLour in Zebrafish (Danio rerioHamilton)

Acute Toxicity of Leaf Extracts ofEnydra fluctuansLour in Zebrafish (Danio rerioHamilton)

Water Quality Criteria for Copper Based on the BLM Approach in the Freshwater in China

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