ACVIM consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs

Keene, Bruce W.; Atkins, Clarke E.; Bonagura, John D.; Fox, Philip R.; Häggström, Jens; Fuentes, Virginia Luis; Oyama, Mark A.; Rush, John E.; Stepien, Rebecca L.; Uechi, Masami

doi:10.1111/jvim.15488

Cited by 520 publications

(1,034 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…Serial analysis of cardiac troponin I might be useful in monitoring dogs with a presumptive diagnosis of myocarditis. The reader is referred to the ACVIM consensus statement on MMVD in dogs 161 and a comprehensive review of DCM in dogs 233 for specific monitoring recommendations for the underlying LHD.…”

Section: Box 2 Specific Considerations For Monitoring Underlying Disomentioning

confidence: 99%

ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of pulmonary hypertension in dogs

Reinero

Visser

Kellihan

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

192

383

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined by increased pressure within the pulmonary vasculature, is a hemodynamic and pathophysiologic state present in a wide variety of cardiovascular, respiratory, and systemic diseases. The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide a multidisciplinary approach to guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of PH in dogs. Comprehensive evaluation including consideration of signalment, clinical signs, echocardiographic parameters, and results of other diagnostic tests supports the diagnosis of PH and allows identification of associated underlying conditions. Dogs with PH can be classified into the following 6 groups: group 1, pulmonary arterial hypertension; group 2, left heart disease; group 3, respiratory disease/hypoxia; group 4, pulmonary emboli/pulmonary thrombi/pulmonary thromboemboli; group 5, parasitic disease (Dirofilaria and Angiostrongylus); and group 6, disorders that are multifactorial or with unclear mechanisms. The approach to treatment of PH focuses on strategies to decrease the risk of progression, complications, or both, recommendations to target underlying diseases or factors contributing to PH, and PH‐specific treatments. Dogs with PH should be monitored for improvement, static condition, or progression, and any identified underlying disorder should be addressed and monitored simultaneously.

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Section: Box 2 Specific Considerations For Monitoring Underlying Disomentioning

confidence: 99%

ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of pulmonary hypertension in dogs

Reinero

Visser

Kellihan

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

192

383

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“…For describing the clinical impact of cardiomyopathy in affected cats, we propose a staging system adapted from the American Heart Association (AHA) and American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) heart disease staging systems (Figure ), with the aim of providing a framework for prognostication and therapeutic decision‐making. Stage A includes cats that are predisposed to cardiomyopathy but have no evidence of myocardial disease.…”

Section: Definitions and Classification Of Cardiomyopathies In Catsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the classification, diagnosis, and management of cardiomyopathies in cats

Fuentes

Abbott

Chetboul

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

Self Cite

191

255

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Consensus Statements of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) provide the veterinary community with up-to-date information on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of clinically important animal diseases. The ACVIM Board of Regents oversees selection of relevant topics, identification of panel members with the expertise to draft the statements, and other aspects of assuring the integrity of the process. The statements are derived from evidence-based medicine whenever possible and the panel offers interpretive comments when such evidence is inadequate or contradictory. A draft is prepared by the panel, followed by solicitation of input by the ACVIM membership that may be incorporated into the statement. It is then submitted to the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, where it is edited before publication. The authors are solely responsible for the content of the statements. AbstractCardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of myocardial disorders of mostly unknown etiology, and they occur commonly in cats. In some cats, they are welltolerated and are associated with normal life expectancy, but in other cats they can result in congestive heart failure, arterial thromboembolism or sudden death.Cardiomyopathy classification in cats can be challenging, and in this consensus statement we outline a classification system based on cardiac structure and function (phenotype). We also introduce a staging system for cardiomyopathy that includes subdivision of cats with subclinical cardiomyopathy into those at low risk

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“…The difference in MSTs between the two populations can be explained by the different classification applied during the study. In veterinary medicine, in order to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to CHF, two classification schemes have been proposed: the ISACH classification and the ACVIM classification [9,16,34]. In this study, it was assumed that for the records included from 2010 to 2018, there was a more standardised classification, not affected by conversion errors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the beginning of the study to 2009, the admitted dogs were classified according to ISACHC classes [16], and from 2010 to 2018 according to the ACVIM classification [9]. In order to compare the subjects, a univocal classification was needed, and the patients classified in ISACHC classes II, IIIa and IIIb were reallocated to ACVIM class C. Data obtained from clinical records from 2001 to 2018 were then statistically analysed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of DMVD treatment is to modulate hemodynamic and neurohormonal disorders, including high venous pressures, reduce the systolic function, activate the sympathetic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, and also release cytokines and vasopressin [1,2]. Treatment of CHF due to DMVD consists of a diuretic (loop diuretic, ++ furosemide) and additional agents (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, inodilators and aldosterone receptor antagonists) [8,9]. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is), benazepril or enalapril, combined with furosemide improve the quality of life [4,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple retrospective analysis of survival and evaluation of cardiac death predictors in a population of dogs affected by degenerative mitral valve disease in ACVIM class C treated with different therapeutic protocols

Bagardi

Locatelli

Zanaboni

et al. 2020

Preprint

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28 Clinical records of dogs with spontaneous degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) with 29 clinical signs related to congestive heart failure (CHF) that had been recruited during routine 30 clinical practice, between 2001 and 2018 at the Cardiology Unit of the Veterinary Teaching 31 Hospital (University of Milan) were included in this retrospective cohort study. Baseline 32 echocardiographic data were evaluated. Median survival times (MSTs) were calculated. Data 33 on therapeutic treatment, ISACHC or ACVIM classes were reviewed based on the inclusion 34 period and type of endpoint (i.e. cardiac death or death for other causes). The main goal of 35 this data review was to retrospectively evaluate 259 clinical records of subjects belonging to 36

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ACVIM consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs

Cited by 520 publications

References 102 publications

ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of pulmonary hypertension in dogs

ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of pulmonary hypertension in dogs

ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the classification, diagnosis, and management of cardiomyopathies in cats

Multiple retrospective analysis of survival and evaluation of cardiac death predictors in a population of dogs affected by degenerative mitral valve disease in ACVIM class C treated with different therapeutic protocols

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