Adaptasi dan Stabilitas Hasil Galur-galur Aromatik Padi Sawah di Sumatera Utara

Abstract

This research was aimed to describe the yield stability and growth adaptation of elite lines of aromatic rice in rice production centers of North Sumatra. The experiments were conducted at 10 sites during dry season (DS) 2001 and DS 2002. Research materials consisted of 12 elite lines introduced from IRRI with IR64 as check variety. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Stability analysis was performed using methods of Eberhart and Russell, Finlay and Wilkinson, and Francis and Kanennberg. The results showed that the interaction of genotype x environment effect was very significant, indicating the presence of specific line adaptation on a particular environment. Genotypes which had the highest average yield were not always stable genotypes, as was shown by IR71137-49-1-2 which was more suitable to the sub-optimum environment. Lines IR71143-223-3-2-2-3, IR71146-97-1-2-1-3, IR65610-24-3-6-3-2-3, IR66696-49-1-2, IR71146-407-2-1-2-1, IR71146-122-1-1-2-1 were considered as stable genotypes according to the three analysis methods and each line showed high average yield. Those genotypes are suggested to be planted in the high productivity environments in order to obtain its optimum genetic expressivity on grain yield

Performance of Rice Tungro Resistant Promising Line in Endemic Area

“…Pengujian galur-galur harapan terpilih pada beberapa lokasi merupakan tahapan dalam program pemuliaan tanaman sebelum suatu galur dilepas sebagai varietas baru (Lestari et al, 2012). Pada berbagai uji multilokasi galur harapan padi sawah selalu dijumpai interaksi genotipe x lingkungan yang nyata, yang menunjukkan tidak stabilnya keragaan genotipe padi antarlingkungan yang berbeda (Akmal et al, 2014). Di antara genotipe yang diuji terdapat genotipe yang rata-rata hasilnya tinggi namun tidak selalu merupakan genotipe yang stabil.…”

“…Interaksi antara lokasi dengan varietas juga nyata menunjukkan faktor genetik, lingkungan, dan interaksi antara keduanya merupakan penentu produktivitas. Interaksi genotipe dengan lokasi menyebabkan respon masing-masing galur terhadap hasil gabah di suatu lokasi berbeda dengan lokasi lainnya (Akmal et al, 2014).…”

“…Seleksi dilakukan berdasarkan penampilan genotipe dalam pengujian multilokasi dan respon seleksi genotipe tersebut di lokasi target. Kondisi ini menyebabkan perlunya pengujian lebih lanjut berupa analisis stabilitas untuk menentukan genotipe atau varietas yang lebih tepat di tanam secara luas atau spesifik lokasi (Akmal et al, 2014). Keterangan : Angka yang diikuti huruf yang sama tidak berbeda nyata pada uji Duncan taraf 5% KK: Koefisien Keragaman Keterangan lokasi: 7.…”

Increasing Rice Production of High Elevation Irrigated Rice with Several Location-Specific Technology Packages

“…This technology was introduced in 2010 and is widespread in North Sumatra. Based on Akmal et al [3], the integrated crop management approach (ICM) was able to increase the yield to 3.88 t/ha compared to the average yield of non-cooperating farmers (2.50 t/ha) in West Pakpak Regency. Furthermore, the Labuhan Batu study showed that rice productivity in the assistance locations increased between 23% and 37% [4].…”

“…Based on Akmal et al [3], the integrated crop management approach (ICM) was able to increase the yield to 3.88 t/ha compared to the average yield of non-cooperating farmers (2.50 t/ha) in West Pakpak Regency. Furthermore, the Labuhan Batu study showed that rice productivity in the assistance locations increased between 23% and 37% [4]. Likewise, independent seed activities in Marbun Toruan Village, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, the application of ICM technology using the Inpari 28 variety with a range of production of 5-6 tons/ha GKP [5].…”