Adaptation and visual coding

Webster, Michael A.

doi:10.1167/11.5.3

Cited by 278 publications

(321 citation statements)

References 243 publications

(287 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

308

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Adaptation, too, was found to induce changes of neuronal preferences in this cortical area (23,47). It is plausible that effects of adaptation and attention are mediated by the same neural circuits, even though the two processes are presumably governed by different constraints (48,49). Adaptation and attention can therefore manifest two strategies that nervous systems deploy over different temporal scales to achieve their unmatched versatility with limited resources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensory adaptation as optimal resource allocation

Gepshtein

Lesmes

Albright

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fig. 1. The phylogenetic distribution of ABO phenotypes and genotypes. Shown is a phylogenetic tree of primate species, with a summary of phenotypic/ genotypic information given in the first column, and the genetic basis for the A versus B phenotype provided in the second column (functionally important codons at positions 266 and 268 are in uppercase letters). See Dataset S1 for the source of information about phenotypes/genotypes. Only species with available divergence times are represented here (34 of 40). The phylogenetic tree is drawn to scale, with divergence times (on the x axis) in millions of years taken from ref. 29. OWM, Old World monkeys; NWM, New World monkeys. Under a model of convergent evolution, these data suggest that A is the ancestral allele, and a turnover (e.g., a neutral substitution) occurred on the branch leading to Old World monkeys. If instead, B were ancestral, all Old World monkeys would have had to serendipitously converge from ATG to TTG to encode a leucine, whereas all New World monkeys and hominoids would have had to converge to the CTG codon.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensory adaptation as optimal resource allocation

Gepshtein

Lesmes

Albright

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies using prolonged presentations have shown on the whole that the aftereffects last longer in migraine. Aftereffects could be a measure of the ability to adapt to a stimulus, and habituate the response, and it is unclear exactly which processes are involved in an aftereffect (9291), therefore more theoretically motivated experiments need to be designed before this can be assessed. It is possible that the time course of neural activity is actually the critical factor in migraine visual performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The processes underlying aftereffects can include neural fatigue, and possibly gain control, and have been reviewed (9291).…”

Section: Adaptation and Aftereffectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual processing in migraine

O’Hare

Hibbard

2016

Cephalalgia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMigraine is a common neurological condition that often involves differences in visual processing. These sensory processing differences provide important information about the underlying causes of the condition, and for the development of treatments. Review of Psychophysical LiteraturePsychophysical experiments have shown consistent impairments in contrast sensitivity, orientation acuity, and the perception of global form and motion. They have also established that the addition of task-irrelevant visual noise has a greater effect, and that surround suppression, masking and adaptation are all stronger in migraine. Theoretical Signal Processing ModelWe propose utilising an established model of visual processing, based on signal processing theory, to account for the behavioural differences seen in migraine. This has the advantage of precision and clarity, and generating clear, falsifiable predictions. ConclusionIncreased effects of noise and differences in excitation and inhibition can account for the differences in migraine visual perception. Consolidating existing research and creating a unified, defined theoretical account is needed to better understand the disorder.

show abstract

“…Apart from the global-local processing already discussed, medical image perception must be reliant on additional processes such as the way the visual system adapts to images and consistent patterns of stimulation (Webster, 2011). For example, Webster and colleagues (Kompaniez-Dunigan, Abbey, Boone, & Webster, 2015) recently demonstrated that when pathology was easy to discriminate, encouraging adaptation of visual processes by repeated exposure did not increase detection performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worth a quick look? Initial scene previews can guide eye movements as a function of domain-specific expertise but can also have unforeseen costs.

Litchfield¹,

Donovan²

2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rapid scene recognition is a global visual process we can all exploit to guide search. This ability is thought to underpin expertise in medical image perception yet there is no direct evidence that isolates the expertise-specific contribution of processing scene previews on subsequent eye movement performance. We used the flash-preview moving window paradigm (Castelhano & Henderson, 2007) to investigate this issue. Expert radiologists and novice observers underwent 2 experiments whereby participants viewed a 250-ms scene preview or a mask before searching for a target. Observers looked for everyday objects from real-world scenes (Experiment 1), and searched for lung nodules from medical images (Experiment 2). Both expertise groups exploited the brief preview of the upcoming scene to more efficiently guide windowed search in Experiment 1, but there was only a weak effect of domain-specific expertise in Experiment 2, with experts showing small improvements in search metrics with scene previews. Expert diagnostic performance was better than novices in all conditions but was not contingent on seeing the scene preview, and scene preview actually impaired novice diagnostic performance. Experiment 3 required novice and experienced observers to search for a variety of abnormalities from different medical images. Rather than maximizing the expertise-specific advantage of processing scene previews, both novices and experienced radiographers were worse at detecting abnormalities with scene previews. We discuss how restricting access to the initial glimpse can be compensated for by subsequent search and discovery processing, but there can still be costs in integrating a fleeting glimpse of a medical scene.

show abstract

Adaptation and visual coding

Cited by 278 publications

References 243 publications

Sensory adaptation as optimal resource allocation

Sensory adaptation as optimal resource allocation

Visual processing in migraine

Worth a quick look? Initial scene previews can guide eye movements as a function of domain-specific expertise but can also have unforeseen costs.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About