Adaptation in sound localization: from GABAB receptor–mediated synaptic modulation to perception

Stange, Annette; Myoga, Michael H.; Lingner, Andrea; Ford, Marc C.; Alexandrova, Olga; Felmy, Felix; Pecka, Michael; Siveke, Ida; Grothe, Benedikt

doi:10.1038/nn.3548

Cited by 68 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Although previous single-unit studies in mammals reported contralateral tuning centered around ±90°, our spatial tuning measures derived from the BOLD responses show a rearward shift in contralateral tuning (e.g., ± 90°−120°). While LI shifts toward more rear sound positions could potentially be due to the expectancy of subsequent sound sources (Stange et al, 2013), they are in accordance with previous population measures of neuronal tuning in awake monkey AC (Woods et al, 2006). Interestingly, shifts in amplitude tuning around the midline were drastic as compared to rear midline sectors indicating a sharp slope tuning in frontal space as compared to rear sound positions, which suggest a potential different mechanism for coding backward space.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Widespread and Opponent fMRI Signals Represent Sound Location in Macaque Auditory Cortex

Ortiz-Rios

Azevedo

Kuśmierek

et al. 2017

Neuron

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SUMMARY In primates, posterior auditory cortical areas are thought to be part of a dorsal auditory pathway that processes spatial information. But how posterior (and other) auditory areas represent acoustic space remains a matter of debate. Here we provide new evidence based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the macaque indicating that space is predominantly represented by a distributed hemi-field code rather than by a local spatial topography. Hemifield tuning in cortical and subcortical regions emerges from an opponent hemispheric pattern of activation and deactivation that depends on the availability of interaural delay cues. Importantly, these opponent signals allow responses in posterior regions to segregate space similarly to a hemifield code representation. Taken together, our results reconcile seemingly contradictory views by showing that the representation of space follows closely a hemifield code and suggest that enhanced posterior-dorsal spatial specificity in primates might emerge from this form of coding.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Widespread and Opponent fMRI Signals Represent Sound Location in Macaque Auditory Cortex

Ortiz-Rios

Azevedo

Kuśmierek

et al. 2017

Neuron

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“…We add another advantage; v i,d and v c,d may be individually adjustable, creating additional degrees of freedom that may allow for more precise matching of ipsilateral and contralateral delays. We note also that delay may also be adjusted on a faster time scale, through mechanisms other than regulation of latency (Stange et al 2013). Further discussion of this and related topics may be found in recent reviews (Grothe et al 2010).…”

Section: Robustness Regarding Possible Reconstruction Errorsmentioning

confidence: 72%

A functional circuit model of interaural time difference processing

McColgan

Shah

Köppl

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Inputs from the two sides of the brain interact to create maps of interaural time difference (ITD) in the nucleus laminaris of birds. How inputs from each side are matched with high temporal precision in ITD-sensitive circuits is unknown, given the differences in input path lengths from each side. To understand this problem in birds, we modeled the geometry of the input axons and their corresponding conduction velocities and latencies. Consistent with existing physiological data, we assumed a common latency up to the border of nucleus laminaris. We analyzed two biological implementations of the model, the single ITD map in chickens and the multiple maps of ITD in barn owls. For binaural inputs, since ipsi-and contralateral initial common latencies were very similar, we could restrict adaptive regulation of conduction velocity to within the nucleus. Other model applications include the simultaneous derivation of multiple conduction velocities from one set of measurements and the demonstration that contours with the same ITD cannot be parallel to the border of nucleus laminaris in the owl. Physiological tests of the predictions of the model demonstrate its validity and robustness. This model may have relevance not only for auditory processing but also for other computational tasks that require adaptive regulation of conduction velocity. auditory brain stem; axons; conduction velocity; models; sound localization

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“…This is important, because even though we do not know what other internal delays may be generated in the circuit, inhibition can provide additional timing shifts that largely span the distribution of gerbil ITD functions recorded in vivo (Fig. 8b)67843, which has been thus far unsuccessful by axon length disparity-based models of ITD tuning11. Interestingly, at timing conditions where inhibition is most capable of influencing coincidence detection, IPSPs would largely be masked by EPSPs, which is compatible with the in vivo observation that even at low frequencies IPSPs remained undetected between cycles8.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycinergic inhibition tunes coincidence detection in the auditory brainstem

et al. 2014

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Neurons in the medial superior olive (MSO) detect microsecond differences in the arrival time of sounds between the ears (interaural time differences or ITDs), a crucial binaural cue for sound localization. Synaptic inhibition has been implicated in tuning ITD sensitivity, but the cellular mechanisms underlying its influence on coincidence detection are debated. Here we determine the impact of inhibition on coincidence detection in adult Mongolian gerbil MSO brain slices by testing precise temporal integration of measured synaptic responses using conductance-clamp. We find that inhibition dynamically shifts the peak timing of excitation, depending on its relative arrival time, which in turn modulates the timing of best coincidence detection. Inhibitory control of coincidence detection timing is consistent with the diversity of ITD functions observed in vivo and is robust under physiologically relevant conditions. Our results provide strong evidence that temporal interactions between excitation and inhibition on microsecond timescales are critical for binaural processing.

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Adaptation in sound localization: from GABAB receptor–mediated synaptic modulation to perception

Cited by 68 publications

References 49 publications

Widespread and Opponent fMRI Signals Represent Sound Location in Macaque Auditory Cortex

Widespread and Opponent fMRI Signals Represent Sound Location in Macaque Auditory Cortex

A functional circuit model of interaural time difference processing

Glycinergic inhibition tunes coincidence detection in the auditory brainstem

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