Adaptation to Acceleration Environments

Burton, R. R.; Smith, Arthur H.

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp040240

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…CaO 2 À C" vO 2 (ml l -1 ) a g acceleration in the G z axis, _ VO 2 max maximal O 2 consumption, _ w max maximal aerobic power, _ Q cardiac output, CaO 2 À C" vO 2 arterovenous blood oxygen difference in fH with a g above 1 g was considered essentially linear up to 7 g at rest (Burton and Smith 1996), where the maximal heart rate was attained. If one excludes the data at a g \ 1 g, this would not be contradictory with the present Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acceleration in the Gz axis on human cardiopulmonary responses to exercise

et al. 2011

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The aim of this paper was to develop a model from experimental data allowing a prediction of the cardiopulmonary responses to steady-state submaximal exercise in varying gravitational environments, with acceleration in the G(z) axis (a (g)) ranging from 0 to 3 g. To this aim, we combined data from three different experiments, carried out at Buffalo, at Stockholm and inside the Mir Station. Oxygen consumption, as expected, increased linearly with a (g). In contrast, heart rate increased non-linearly with a (g), whereas stroke volume decreased non-linearly: both were described by quadratic functions. Thus, the relationship between cardiac output and a (g) was described by a fourth power regression equation. Mean arterial pressure increased with a (g) non linearly, a relation that we interpolated again with a quadratic function. Thus, total peripheral resistance varied linearly with a (g). These data led to predict that maximal oxygen consumption would decrease drastically as a (g) is increased. Maximal oxygen consumption would become equal to resting oxygen consumption when a (g) is around 4.5 g, thus indicating the practical impossibility for humans to stay and work on the biggest Planets of the Solar System.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acceleration in the Gz axis on human cardiopulmonary responses to exercise

et al. 2011

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“…Exposure to hypergravity produces transient anorexia and loss of body mass [8,34]. Although growth is resumed during acclimation to hypergravity, both body mass and body fat are reduced [8].…”

Section: Gravity and Metabolic Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metabolic cost of gravity is also predicted to vary directly with the acceleration field [8,54,62,63,64,65,66]. In a comparison of animals of 0.1-4.0 kg in both 1 G and 2 G, greater body mass correlated with a greater influence of G on resting metabolic rate [54].…”

Section: Gravity and Metabolic Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity and thermoregulation: metabolic changes and circadian rhythms

Robinson

Fuller

2000

Pflügers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Gravity appears to alter thermoregulation through changes in both the regulated level of body temperature and the rhythmic organization of temperature regulation. Gravity has been hypothesized to have an associated metabolic cost. Increased resting energy expenditure and dietary intake have been observed in animals during centrifuge experiments at hypergravity. Thus far, only animals have shown a corresponding reduction in metabolism in microgravity. Altered heat loss has been proposed as a response to altered gravitational environments, but remains documented only as changes in skin temperature. Changes in circadian timing, including the body temperature rhythm, have been shown in both hypergravity and microgravity, and probably contribute to alterations in sleep and performance. Changes in body temperature regulation may result from circadian disturbance, from the direct or indirect actions of gravity on the regulated temperature, or from changes in thermoregulatory effectors (heat production and heat loss) due to altered gravitational load and convective changes. To date, however, we have little data on the underlying thermoregulatory changes in altered gravity, and thus the precise mechanisms by which gravity alters temperature regulation remain largely unknown.

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“…Special breathing regimes are proposed to increase human tolerance to Gz acceleration [5,7]. The positive pressure breathing (PPB) is one of the main standard ways.…”

Section: Mathematical Modeling Of the Breathing Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experts know that the top value of human tolerance to standardized profile of +Gz acceleration loading may have essential variability [2][3][4][5][6][7]9,10]. The variability is characteristic both during results comparison observed on different subjects and even in frame of different observations for one subject.…”

Section: Factors Determining Variability Of Human Tolerance To +Gz Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Sustained G-Tolerance Model Development

Grygoryan¹

2002

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Adaptation to Acceleration Environments

Cited by 22 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of acceleration in the Gz axis on human cardiopulmonary responses to exercise

Effects of acceleration in the Gz axis on human cardiopulmonary responses to exercise

Gravity and thermoregulation: metabolic changes and circadian rhythms

High Sustained G-Tolerance Model Development

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