Adapting feeding methods for less nitrogen pollution from pig and dairy cattle farming: abatement costs and uncertainties

Pierer, Magdalena; Amon, Barbara; Winiwarter, Wilfried

doi:10.1007/s10705-016-9767-0

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In farm animals, the interest in using low protein diets to reduce N excretion and emission of volatile N compounds is increasing [ 6 – 8 ]. In the pig industry, the introduction of low impact strategies need to be evaluated considering the feeding costs, the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the production, and the environmental benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feed allowance and indispensable amino acid reduction on feed intake, growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing pigs

et al. 2018

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The hypothesis that pigs placed on diets with reduced indispensable amino acid (AA) content attempts to offset the reduction in the nutrient density with increased feed intake was tested. In the experiment, feeds with a high or a low AA content were administrated to pigs fed ad-libitum or restrictively according to a 2 × 2 factorial design. Ninety-six barrows were housed in 8 pens (12 pigs/pen) equipped with automatic feeders. Within pen, and from 47 body weight (BW) onwards, 6 pigs were fed ad libitum. The others pigs were allowed to consume, as a maximum, the feed amounts indicated by the breeding company feeding plane to optimize the feed efficiency. In early (86–118 kg BW) and late (118–145 kg BW) finishing, the pigs of 4 pens received feeds with high indispensable AA contents (8.1 and 7.5 g lysine/kg in the two periods, respectively). The other pigs received feeds with reduced indispensable AA contents (lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan) by 9 and 18% in early and late finishing, respectively. Body lipid and protein (Pr) retentions were estimated from BW and back-fat depth measures recorded at the beginning and the end of each period. Nitrogen excretion was estimated as actual intake minus estimated N-retention (Pr/6.25). Pigs were slaughtered at 144 kg BW. Restricted feeding decreased feed intake (-7%), daily gain (-5%), carcass weight (-2.6%) and back-fat depth (-8.0%) but increased gain:feed ratio (+2%). The AA restriction increased feed intake (+5.9%), carcass weight (+4.9%) and intramuscular fat (+17.6%), and reduced carcass weight variation (-36%), with no effects on the feed efficiency and the estimated Pr (142 g/d). N excreted was reduced by feed (-9%) and dietary AA (-15%) restrictions. Irrespectively of the feeding level, the pigs responded to a reduction of the dietary essential AA content by increasing their feed intake.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feed allowance and indispensable amino acid reduction on feed intake, growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing pigs

et al. 2018

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“…This finding is similar to IMAGE-Pig estimates of 16%, 19% and 21% for 1970, 1990, 2000 and 2010, respectively. Total excretion values agree with Sheldrik et al ( 2003) estimations of 10.4 TgN in 1996 (10.1 TgN by IMAGE-Pig). Excretion rates are also within the range of the average EU-28 values (Pierer et al 2016). Thus, IMAGE-Pig demonstrates that it is a useful tool in itself to evaluate the global and regional environmental impacts of pig production systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Future global pig production systems according to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways

Lassaletta

Estellés

Beusen

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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Global pork production has increased fourfold over the last 50 years and is expected to continue growing during the next three decades. This may have considerable implications for feed use, land requirements, and nitrogen emissions. To analyze the development of the pig production sector at the scale of world regions, we developed the IMAGE-Pig model to describe changes in feed demand, feed conversion ratios (FCRs), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and nitrogen excretion for backyard, intermediate and intensive systems during the past few decades as a basis to explore future scenarios. For each region and production system, total production, productive characteristics and dietary compositions were defined for the 1970-2005 period. The model shows that, despite the improvement of FCRs during the 1970-2005 period has reduced the feed use per kg of product, total feed demand has increased by a factor of two (from 229 to 471 Tg DM) due to the growing pork production. The increase of nitrogen use efficiency was slower than the improvement of FCRs due to increasing protein content in the feed rations. As a result, total N excretion increased by more than a factor of two in the 1970-2005 period (from 4.6 to 11.1 Tg N/y). For the period up to 2050, the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) provide information on levels of human consumption, technical development and environmental awareness. The sustainability of pig production systems for the coming decades will be based not only on the expected efficiency improvements at the level of animal breeds, but also on four additional pillars: (i) use of alternative feed sources not competing with human food, (ii) reduction of the crude protein content in rations, (iii) the proper use of slurries as fertilizers through coupling of crop and livestock production and (iv) moderation of the human pork consumption.

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“…Так, дослідники стверджують, що виробництво кормів для годівлі свиней є найбільшим фактором впливу на навколишнє середовище у свинарстві (Dorca-Preda et al, 2021). У зв'язку з цим було розроблено безліч альтернативних методів годівлі та склади раціонів, спрямованих на зменшення забруднення навколишнього середовища (Pierer et al, 2016). Інші вчені підкреслюють необхідність розробки стратегій щодо знезараження та використання гною.…”

Section: таблицяunclassified

Characterization of harmful gases and bioaerosols of pig farms: a review of the existing literature

Grigorash,

Horiuk

2024

SMLNUVMB

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From the ecological and economic point of view, intensive pig farming is drawing more and more attention due to the appearance of harmful substances, which significantly increases the risks of air, water and soil pollution. In addition, the optimal criteria for the content of harmful gases, dust and microorganisms in the environment of pig farms are currently not clearly defined. In order to better understand the interaction of harmful emissions and aerosols, the article reviews data from the literature on their main components, concentrations, and interactions. The results showed that the main pollutants in pig farming are harmful gases (ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrogen oxide (N2O), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which are released from manure. The presence of even small concentrations of harmful gases in farm air can cause respiratory and cardiovascular system disorders not only in animals, but also in humans. Along with harmful gases, it is important to control the emission of solid particles and dust from livestock premises, which can form aerosols. Microbial aerosols in pig houses contain bacteria, fungi, viruses, which mainly come from the animals themselves, manure or service personnel. The bioaerosol includes the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes bacterial divisions and their derivatives. In addition, the content of potentially dangerous bacteria in the bioaerosol can reach up to 40 %. A major concern causes the presence of a large number of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in the air of these farms (including MRSA). The existing strategies and methods to combat these problems are still imperfect and need to be refined. Currently, the interaction of harmful gases, dust, solid particles and microorganisms is not taken into account, which can increase the toxic effect of each other on the animal's body. Therefore, there is a need for a better understanding of these interactions in order to improve the strategy for improving the microclimate conditions by correcting the microbiota, finding and developing biological preparations that contain natural bacteria capable of neutralizing odors and disinfecting livestock premises.

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Adapting feeding methods for less nitrogen pollution from pig and dairy cattle farming: abatement costs and uncertainties

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of feed allowance and indispensable amino acid reduction on feed intake, growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing pigs

Effects of feed allowance and indispensable amino acid reduction on feed intake, growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing pigs

Future global pig production systems according to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways

Characterization of harmful gases and bioaerosols of pig farms: a review of the existing literature

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