Adaptive Cognitive Enhanced Platform for WBAN

Abstract

Rapid development in wireless sensor device manufacture technologies has made it possible to conglutinate and implant the medical sensors on human body. The improvement of these technologies can be applied to wireless body area network (WBAN) on medical applications. A uniform standard in the field of WBAN, IEEE 802.15.6 has been released recently by IEEE 802.15 TG 6 group, indicating that WBAN will play an important role in future E-health medical system field. This paper presents a WBAN validation platform, Adaptive Cognitive Enhanced Platform (ACEP), which is based on IEEE 802.15.6 and works in the spectrum of Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) 2.4GHz band. However, other wireless services occupying ISM band, such as WiFi, Bluetooth and Zigbee will cause great interference to low power, low data rate medical WBANs deployed nearby. To build the realistic co-channel interference scenario, a WiFi network working on the same spectrum is utilized. Furthermore, to strengthen WBAN's robustness against interference caused by WiFi, we have proposed and implemented a fast dynamic cognitive radio (FDCR) algorithm to stagger the spectrum accessing time, which offers an efficient method for coexistence of WBAN and other wireless systems. Through calculating the indicated WiFi temporal white-spaces for WBAN communication, FDCR algorithm minimizes the impact of cochannel interference and promotes resource allocation efficiency. Our simulation and platform validation experiments show that the proposed FDCR algorithm can greatly decrease packets drop rate and improve channel utilization.

Interference Mitigation Schemes for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks: A Comparative Survey

“…The algorithm in FDCR [ 38 ] performs the same channel sensing operation as CR-MAC [ 39 ]. The RSSI is an important value to compare with the given threshold value, and the result is indicated to the idle spectrum or busy spectrum.…”

“…Unlike adaptive CR-MAC [ 39 ] and FDCR [ 38 ], the cognitive framework of C-RICER [ 40 ] aims to switch the operating WBASN to another channel. This is more effective because the interference can be mitigated and the WBASN operation is continuous without halting [ 39 ].…”

“…In [ 38 ], the fast dynamic cognitive radio (FDCR) algorithm is implemented in adaptive cognitive enhanced platform (ACEP) to schedule access for a WBASN’s node to the idle spectrum. ACEP is designed according to CR-WBASN models and an interference subsystem, an observer subsystem, and a WBASN subsystem.…”

Energy-Efficient Protocol of Link Scheduling in Cognitive Radio Body Area Networks for Medical and Healthcare Applications

“…The operating time is divided in T superframes, and the operation of CB i in channel C k at superframe t is defined as Ch i,k (t) = 1. We assume that the channel sensing at the coordinator is implemented using an energy detection mechanism [9,15]. The received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is used to represent the energy level of received signals.…”

“…As a gateway needs to gather information from multiple WBANs in the same area, the transmission of data packets in beyond-WBANs needs to be scheduled to ensure the quality of vital signals [8]. The characteristics of data transmission in WBANs are different from those in typical wireless sensor networks; thus, the CR platform for WBANs is introduced to achieve the required quality of service for healthcare applications in [9,10]. However, WBANs are densely deployed in a limited area, which leads to the need for a scheduling algorithm to achieve higher probabilities of successful transmissions.…”