Adaptive spatial planning of protected area network for conserving the Himalayan brown bear

Mukherjee, Tanoy; Sharma, Lalit Kumar; Kumar, Vineet; Sharief, Amira; Dutta, Ritam; Kumar, Manoj; Joshi, Bheem Dutt; Thakur, Mukesh; Venkatraman, C.; Chandra, Kailash

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142416

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Overall, we predicted the functional connectivity of most butterfly species in Australia to decrease over the coming decades, albeit with a few exceptions. Our predictions are similar to studies that predicted several non-butterfly taxa such as the Sichuan snub nosed monkey (Zhang et al 2019b), ungulates (Malakoutikhah et al 2020;Liang et al 2021), and the Himalayan brown bear (Mukherjee et al 2021) to experience a future decrease in functional connectivity due to climate change in different parts of the world. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to predict the combined impacts of land-use, land-cover, and climate change on the functional connectivity of butterflies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In this study, we used the centroids of protected areas as focal nodes (Mukherjee et al 2021); for this purpose, we only selected protected areas with an average habitat suitability of ≥ 0.7 as this represented a high threshold of suitability. We identified focal nodes for each species individually, under present climate conditions and future climate-change scenarios (for 2050 and 2090).…”

Section: Functional Connectivity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landscape functional connectivity for butterflies under different scenarios of land-use, land-cover, and climate change in Australia

Diengdoh

Ondei

Amin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Pollinating invertebrates are vital to terrestrial ecosystems but are impacted by anthropogenic habitat loss/fragmentation and climate change. Conserving and improving landscape connectivity is important to offset those threats, yet its assessment for invertebrates is lacking. In this study, we evaluated the functional connectivity between protected areas in Australia for 59 butterfly species, under present conditions and different future scenarios (for 2050 and 2090) of land-use, land-cover, and climate change. Using circuit-theory analysis, we found that functional connectivity under present conditions varies widely between species, even when their estimated geographical ranges are similar. Under future scenarios, functional connectivity is predicted to decrease overall, with negative changes worsening from 2050 to 2090, although a few species are positive exceptions. We have made our results available as spatial datasets to allow comparisons with taxa from other studies and can be used to identify priority areas for conservation in terms of establishing ecological corridors or stepping-stone habitat patches. Our study highlights the importance of considering pollinating invertebrates when seeking holistic conservation and restoration of a landscapes functional connectivity, underscoring the need to expand and promote protected areas to facilitate functional connectivity under future scenarios of global change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Functional Connectivity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape functional connectivity for butterflies under different scenarios of land-use, land-cover, and climate change in Australia

Diengdoh

Ondei

Amin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The distribution of HBB occurs in a narrow elevation range between 2500-5000 m. Due to its prevailing threats, the population of the species is declining, which demands urgent conservation. The study suggests that suitable habitats of HBB will decrease by more than 70% from its entire distribution range by 2050 (Mukherjee et al 2021). The study has also highlighted that most of the suitable habitats within the Kanawar Wildlife sanctuary may get lost due to climate change impact (Mukherjee et al 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It is also listed as Appendix I of CITES (GOI, 1992) and on Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972) as amended in 2003 (Mohanta et al 2014). The population of HBB is vulnerable due to three major prevailing threats in its entire distribution range, climate change, habitat encroachment/ viz degradation, and conflict with humans (Su et al 2018, Sharief et al 2020, Mukherjee et al 2021). Even though the species population is declining, HBB is the least studied carnivore species in IHR (Rathore 2008, Sharief et al 2020.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

First Photographic Record of Himalayan Brown bear from Kanawar Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh, India

2022

IJE

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The Himalayan brown bear (HBB) population is restricted to a few geographical areas of India, Pakistan, and Nepal. In India, the HBB was distributed in the fragmented pockets of Jammu-Kashmir, and Ladakh UT, followed by Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. HBB is a high conservation priority species in India and is listed as Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972). However, in the recent past, the extant population of HBB has been under tremendous threats such as accelerated habitat fragmentation, human encroachment, and climate change. The present study was conducted in the Kanawar wildlife sanctuary (KWS), situated in the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh, using camera trapping and trail sampling. The study reports the first photographic evidence of HBB from the Kanawar wildlife sanctuary (KWS). Further, we recommend a long-term assessment and population estimation of HBB in and around KWS to conserve the species.

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“…Structural connectivity only considers the continuity of habitat patches in space, while functional connectivity focuses on the movements of organisms between habitat patches [3]. As it may be difficult to track enough individuals of some species, tracking umbrella species can identify connectivity areas for a set of species [13]. Theoretically, the construction of ecological corridors can be conducive to the migration of organisms among fragmented habitat patches and can alleviate the negative effects of habitat fragmentation; therefore, the construction of ecological corridors has been regarded as one of the main means of regional biodiversity conservation [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Corridor Construction Based on Least-Cost Modeling Using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Nighttime Light Data and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Liu

Fang

2021

Land

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Anthropic pressure is one of the main drivers of landscape change and biodiversity loss. Artificial nighttime light, which can affect species behavior, is an important human-induced threat to biodiversity, but it is often ignored in ecological connectivity research. To mitigate the adverse impacts of artificial lighting on biodiversity, this study integrates artificial nighttime light in landscape ecology and analyzes the influence of artificial nighttime light on landscape connectivity. A quantitative approach integrating nighttime light brightness from a Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) with a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from a Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is proposed to estimate the matrix resistance, which can identify the sensitive areas that are disrupted by nighttime light. It was found that the nightscape in the study area is significantly disrupted by nighttime light and the matrix resistance in the center of the study area significantly increases. Compared to the least-cost routes from the NDVI, the “dark” least-cost ecological corridors constructed using our approach apparently change in both location and distance. The corridors moved to the outer suburbs and rural areas, and the maximum increase in distance of the least-cost paths was 37.94%. Due to less disturbance from human activity and the maintenance of a pristine nightscape, “dark” ecological corridors can reduce the adverse effects of night lights and contribute to biodiversity. However, natural habitats have been greatly affected by nighttime light with the increase in global illumination, and it is essential that we improve public awareness of light pollution and formulate light-reduction policies and legislation.

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Adaptive spatial planning of protected area network for conserving the Himalayan brown bear

Cited by 30 publications

References 59 publications

Landscape functional connectivity for butterflies under different scenarios of land-use, land-cover, and climate change in Australia

Landscape functional connectivity for butterflies under different scenarios of land-use, land-cover, and climate change in Australia

First Photographic Record of Himalayan Brown bear from Kanawar Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh, India

Ecological Corridor Construction Based on Least-Cost Modeling Using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Nighttime Light Data and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

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