Adaptive temperature limits for air-conditioned museums in temperate climates

Kramer, Rick; Schellen, L Lisje; Schellen, HL Henk

doi:10.1080/09613218.2017.1327561

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This demonstrates the effectiveness of the building's thermal masses (roof and walls), along with the hypogeum development of the building, environments would produce positive effects on occupants' comfort, artwork preservation and museum environments. In fact, the application of an adaptive approach would account for the human response to fluctuations related to different seasons [52], establishing a direct connection between outdoor and indoor thermal conditions that would not necessarily affect the requirements for the preservation of art and the built heritage in a negative way, as long as it is associated with the extension of the temperature bandwidth, producing positive effects on overall energy savings as well [39,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing visitors' thermal comfort in historic museum buildings: Results from a Post-Occupancy Evaluation on a case study

Martínez-Molina

Boarin

Tort-Ausina

et al. 2018

Building and Environment

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Adaptive reuse of historic buildings as museums is an effective strategy for retaining heritage architectures while achieving environmental sustainability objectives.Building adaptation, retrofitting and preserving optimal environments for artwork and exhibit preservation are inherently complex, multifaceted tasks. However, indoor microclimates do not only affect collections; occupants and visitors must also be considered. The aim of this research is to explore whether artwork preservation constraints in reused historic building affect patrons. The authors thereby promote a more comprehensive approach, combining the objectives of exhibit conservation, preservation of heritage buildings and adequate indoor conditions, particularly thermal comfort. Data was gathered using the Post-Occupancy Evaluation process applied to a case study where a combination of microclimate monitoring and questionnaire surveys was carried out over a 12-month period. Results demonstrate that: i) the existing microclimate did not always provide visitors with adequate thermal conditions, showing dissatisfaction during the cooling season (July-September), with average TSV values ranging from -1.03 to -1.13; ii) TSV and PMV values were significantly divergent throughout the year, with TSV mainly included within the (-1, 0, +1) band and PMV mainly within the (0, -2) band; and iii) questionnaires show that visitor choice of clothing

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing visitors' thermal comfort in historic museum buildings: Results from a Post-Occupancy Evaluation on a case study

Martínez-Molina

Boarin

Tort-Ausina

et al. 2018

Building and Environment

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“…Since collection environmental requirements were addressed by the museum display case, the T and RH set points for the exhibition gallery were determined by visitor thermal comfort. The elaborate study of Kramer et al (2017a) used a dynamic control algorithm to dynamically determine the set points for T room and RH room . The collection requirements were based upon the ASHRAE climate classes (ASHRAE 2015).…”

Section: Results Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 18 shows the results for imposing a simulated indoor temperature as T room (light gray). This indoor temperature was based on the study of Kramer et al (2017a). The dark gray line provides the 30 d moving average to see the seasonal fluctuations.…”

Section: Results Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Novel Display Case Design: Case Study of the Renovated Anne Frank House

Kompatscher

Ankersmit

Neuhaus³

et al. 2019

Studies in Conservation

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Many museums are housed in historic buildings, sometimes the building itself is part of the museum collection. Creating a stable environment by providing a nearly constant temperature and relative humidity at correct levels decreases the risk of object degradation. Maintaining this steady indoor environment, however, increases energy consumption and risks to the historic building. Museum display cases offer a solution to the mitigation of risks to which valuable objects may be subjected by providing an extra layer of protection to indoor climate fluctuations. The Anne Frank House is a historic house museum located in Amsterdam. The museum has undergone several renovations in the last years to deal with an increase in the number of visitors to over 1.2 million a year. The original diaries and other documents of Anne Frank are permanently on display in the Anne Frank House. With the recent refurbishment the possibility arose to design a new state-of-the-art display case. This study presents the results of the experimental research related to the design, performed insitu. The temperature and relative humidity in the new exhibition space and inside the new display cases were monitored to gain insight into the hygrothermal behavior of these controlled environments. A complementary numerical study was performed to investigate effects of dynamic climate control of the exhibition gallery and climate conditions in the display case under various circumstances. Four main conclusions are presented in this paper. The investigated display case design is able to provide a stable relative humidity environment by means of silica gel, while using an active box-in-box climate control system to create stable temperature conditions. The inner case temperature depends on the temperature supplied by the display case air handling unit. Protocols must be in place in case of malfunction or failure of the climate control system of the display case. The air handling unit of the case needs to be shut off to create a passive environment for the objects on display until necessary actions are taken. Exhibition gallery set points can be less stringent when susceptible museum objects are on display in the display case. The environments are separated and provide an opportunity for energy saving set point strategies. The last conclusion drawn is that the numerical study provides valuable insight into imposing dynamic control of set points for temperature and relative humidity in the exhibition gallery and the effect on the display case environment.

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“…The installation of multiple sensors for the monitoring of indoor air conditions allows the identification and characterization of different microclimates in the context of cultural heritage, which is especially frequent in ancient churches, historic buildings or archaeological sites [26,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35], some of which are equipped with HVAC systems [14,36,37]. Some studies have been carried out in museums with HVAC [38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology for the Multi-Point Characterization of Short-Term Temperature Fluctuations in Complex Microclimates Based on the European Standard EN 15757:2010: Application to the Archaeological Museum of L’Almoina (Valencia, Spain)

Díaz-Arellano

Zarzo

García-Diego

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The monitoring and control of thermo-hygrometric indoor conditions is necessary for an adequate preservation of cultural heritage. The European standard EN 15757:2010 specifies a procedure for determining if seasonal patterns of relative humidity (RH) and temperature are adequate for the long-term preservation of hygroscopic materials on display at museums, archives, libraries or heritage buildings. This procedure is based on the characterization of the seasonal patterns and the calculation of certain control limits, so that it is possible to assess whether certain changes in the microclimate can be harmful for the preventive conservation of artworks, which would lead to the implementation of corrective actions. In order to discuss the application of this standard, 27 autonomous data-loggers were located in different points at the Archaeological Museum of l’Almoina (Valencia). The HVAC system (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) at the museum tries to reach certain homogeneous environment, which becomes a challenge because parts of the ruins are covered by a skylight that produces a greenhouse effect in summer, resulting in severe thermo-hygrometric gradients. Based on the analysis of temperatures recorded during 16 months, the air conditions in this museum are discussed according to the standard EN 15757:2010, and some corrective measures are proposed to improve the conservation conditions. Although this standard is basically intended for data recorded from a single sensor, an alternative approach proposed in this work is to find zones inside the museum with a homogeneous microclimate and to discuss next the average values collected in each area. A methodology is presented to optimize the application of this standard in places with a complex microclimate like this case, when multiple sensors are located at different positions.

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Adaptive temperature limits for air-conditioned museums in temperate climates

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Assessing visitors' thermal comfort in historic museum buildings: Results from a Post-Occupancy Evaluation on a case study

Assessing visitors' thermal comfort in historic museum buildings: Results from a Post-Occupancy Evaluation on a case study

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Novel Display Case Design: Case Study of the Renovated Anne Frank House

A Methodology for the Multi-Point Characterization of Short-Term Temperature Fluctuations in Complex Microclimates Based on the European Standard EN 15757:2010: Application to the Archaeological Museum of L’Almoina (Valencia, Spain)

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