Adat Movements for Environmental Justice: the Case of Benoa Bay Bali

Abstract

This paper is the result of a literature study on environmental justice, adat movements, and adat perspectives of Tri Hita Karana related to the Benoa Bay reclamation project, and in-depth interview with the coordinator of ForBALI I Wayan "Gendo" Suardana. The discussion begins on environmental justice is a central issue in Indonesia. Then the discussion of the Benoa Bay reclamation project into a tourist development area, which has the potential to threaten maritime conservation and loss of livelihoods of local residents. Furthermore, the discussion about Tri Hita Karana as adat perspectives that underlies the movement of indigenous peoples to reject reclamation project. Finally, the discussion about the ForBALI movement as a representation of indigenous peoples who reject the reclamation project in Benoa Bay. Based on the discussion it was concluded that, adat movements through ForBALI has temporarily succeeded in thwarting the reclamation project at Benoa Bay by PT TWBI. The adat perspective on Tri Hita Karana became the philosophical basis of the ForBALI movement. The ForBALI movement has succeeded in integrating the environmental movement, political movement and cultural movement into the spirit of resistance of indigenous peoples in facing the hegemony of the power of neoliberal capitalism.

Co-governance, Transregional Maritime Conventions, and Indigenous Customary Practices Among Subsistence Fishermen in Ende, Indonesia

“…25/2000, Presidential Decree No. 177/2000, have met with limited success (Ostwald et al, 2016;Bedner and Arizona, 2019;Subekti et al, 2020). In 2014, the arrival of Joko Widodo to the presidency inaugurated an unprecedented program of reforms in fishery management systems to curb illegal practices and overfishing.…”