Added value of interleukin-1 blockade to hypothermia in the treatment of neonatal encephalopathy

Abstract

There were 630 pregnancies in the cohort; 404 received aspirin (108 received 150 mg/day and 296 received 75 mg/day), whereas 226 did not. There were 28 (4.4%) cases of preeclampsia and 47 (7.5%) cases of HDP in the cohort. No significant differences in maternal age (P¼.510), nulliparity (P¼.945), and chorionicity (P¼.700) were observed between the 75 mg/day and 150 mg/day aspirin groups. The incidence of preeclampsia was similar between the aspirin 150 mg/day and no aspirin groups (1.8% vs 3.1%, P¼.510). However, there was a trend toward a significant decrease in preeclampsia in those receiving aspirin 150 mg/day compared with 75 mg/day (1.8% vs 6.4%, P¼.067). There were no statistically significant differences between aspirin 150 mg/day and the no aspirin groups regarding the incidence of HDP (1.8% vs 5.3%, P¼.140), but the incidence of HDP was significantly lower in aspirin 150 mg/day group compared with the 75 mg/day group (1.8% vs 11.1%, P¼.003) (Figure 1). The incidence of HDP was significantly greater in the aspirin 75 mg/day group compared with no aspirin (11.1% vs 5.3%, P¼.018). We investigated the association of aspirin dose with HDP in a multivariable logistic regression model after adjusting for maternal age in years, chorionicity, and smoking during pregnancy. The reference group was the low-risk twin pregnancies who did not receive aspirin. The direction of the association changed from a significant increase in HDP (odds ratio, 2.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.03e4.18; P¼.048) to a nonsignificant decrease (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.05e1.16; P¼.127) when the aspirin dose was increased from 75 mg/day to 150 mg/day. CONCLUSION:The incidence of hypertensive disorders in twin pregnancies with additional risk factors for preeclampsia was significantly lower in those receiving aspirin 150 mg/day compared with 75 mg/day.

Necroptosis Blockade Potentiates the Neuroprotective Effect of Hypothermia in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

“…A total of 88 Lewis rat pups at postnatal day (P)6 from 13 different litters, were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Kingston, NY, USA). At P12, corresponding to the level of rat brain development equivalent to that of a term human newborn [ 43 , 44 ], HI was induced by permanent ligation of the right common carotid artery (RCCA) followed by 8% O 2 exposure at 36 °C for 1.5 h ( Figure 1 a) [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 45 ]. Nec-1 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Oakville, ON, Canada) and was dissolved in DMSO.…”

“…A control (CTL) group received an equal volume of DMSO and saline, and underwent a sham surgery, consisting of the right common carotid artery exposure (i.e., without ligation, hypoxia, and HT) ( Figure 1 a). HT was induced 30 min after hypoxia, as previously described [ 35 , 37 , 39 , 45 ]. Pups were kept on a hot plate at 28 °C for four hours to lower their core body temperature to 32–33 °C ( Figure 1 b) [ 16 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 49 ].…”

“…HT was induced 30 min after hypoxia, as previously described [ 35 , 37 , 39 , 45 ]. Pups were kept on a hot plate at 28 °C for four hours to lower their core body temperature to 32–33 °C ( Figure 1 b) [ 16 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 49 ]. There was no mortality following surgery.…”

“…Altogether, these findings prompted us to focus our research on the unexplored role of necroptosis in HIE of term newborns using our well-established rat model of HIE [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Partnerships in the Comprehensive Management of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Neonates (MIS-N): Translating 2 Years of Pediatric Practice to the Neonatal Wards

“…These medications have been widely used in pediatric inflammatory conditions, including in children with coronary aneurysms, and their use is also increasing in neonatology. [30][31][32][33] However, these medications have rarely been used in MIS-N so far, as their benefits need be explored more, particularly on the long-term outcomes. Specifically, clinical studies have documented an impressive role of anakinra on coronary artery remodeling in children with severe coronary aneurysms.…”