Added values of DXA-derived visceral adipose tissue to discriminate cardiometabolic risks in pre-pubertal children

Lee, Li-Wen; Hsieh, Chu-Jung; Wu, Ying-Hsin; Liao, Yi

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0233053

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“… 42 AH is 1 of these factors. 5 , 55 , 56 Our study showed that higher FM in both sexes and velocity of weight gain in male adolescents are risk factors for HBP in adolescents aged 15 years potentially amenable to prevention. Although we cannot predict with certainty the clinical course of adolescents with HBP, our findings support the importance of preventing excessive body weight and body fat deposition from childhood to adolescence, aiming to have an impact on AH, a disease that remains the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Prevalence of and Factors Associated With High Blood Pressure at 15 Years of Age: A Birth Cohort Study

Petracco,

Mattiello,

Bortolotto

et al. 2023

JAHA

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Background Arterial hypertension is the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with high blood pressure (HBP) among adolescents. Methods and Results The Pelotas 2004 Birth Cohort included 4231 newborns from hospital births in Pelotas, Brazil. A digital automatic OMRON sphygmomanometer (model HEM 742) was used to measure blood pressure on 3 occasions (at 6, 11, and 15 years of age). Those with blood pressure ≥95th percentile for age, height, and sex on each of the 3 occasions were considered as presenting HBP. Independent variables included family (income and history of arterial hypertension), maternal (schooling, age, pregestational body mass index, and smoking during pregnancy), and adolescent characteristics at birth (sex, skin color, gestational age, intrauterine growth, and systolic and diastolic genetic factors), and at 15 years (sleep, physical activity, sodium intake, screen time, work, body mass index, fat mass index, fat‐free mass index, growth pattern, and puberty status). The prevalence of HBP (95% CI) was calculated. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) stratified by sex were obtained by logistic regression. A total of 1417 adolescents with complete information on blood pressure on the 3 occasions were analyzed. The prevalence of HBP was 3.2% (95% CI, 1.9%–4.5%) in female adolescents and 4.3% (95% CI, 2.8%–5.8%) in male adolescents. Female adolescents with a family history of arterial hypertension had a 3 times higher chance of HBP than their counterparts (OR, 3.1 [95% CI, 1.26–7.54]). In male adolescents, excessive maternal pregestational weight was associated with a 2.3‐fold increase in the chance of HBP. In both sexes, excessive adolescent weight was associated with HBP (ORs, 3.5 and 5.0, for female and male adolescents, respectively). A higher fat mass index and fat‐free mass index in female (ORs, 1.4 and 1.2, respectively) and male adolescents (ORs, 2.5 and 3.0, respectively) increased the chance of HBP. Among male adolescents, the chance of HBP was higher among those with rapid weight gain between 48 months and 6 years and between 6 and 11 years and rapid height gain between 6 and 11 years. Conclusions Higher fat mass in both sexes and rapid weight gain in male adolescents are risk factors for HBP in adolescents aged 15 years, potentially amenable to prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Prevalence of and Factors Associated With High Blood Pressure at 15 Years of Age: A Birth Cohort Study

Petracco,

Mattiello,

Bortolotto

et al. 2023

JAHA

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“…However, despite the increased waist circumference among the offspring of mothers with overweight/obesity, there were no observed differences in VAT or VATI. While DXA-derived VAT estimates are highly correlated with those derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ( 32 ) and computerized tomography (CT) ( 33 ), we acknowledge the inherent limitations of DXA compared to these imaging modalities. Considering these methodological constraints, the absence of observed differences in VAT and VATI warrants cautious interpretation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and body composition in young adult offspring

Rerkasem,

Lyons-Reid,

Namwongprom

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundMaternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of large-for-gestational-age births and childhood obesity. However, evidence on its potential associations with long-term offspring body composition remains limited. This prospective cohort study examined associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy and body composition in the young adult offspring.MethodsParticipants were the offspring from a birth cohort in Chiang Mai (Thailand). Maternal BMI was assessed at the first antenatal clinic visit (≤24 weeks of gestation) in 1989–1990. In 2010–2011, we followed up the offspring at approximately 20 years of age, assessing their body composition using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Associations between maternal BMI and offspring body composition were explored using unadjusted and adjusted analyses.ResultsWe assessed 391 young adults (55% were females). Higher maternal BMI was associated with increased offspring fat mass and lean mass. In adjusted analyses, offspring of mothers with overweight/obesity exhibited total body fat percentages 1.5 (95% CI 0.1, 2.9; p = 0.032) and 2.3 (95% CI 0.2, 4.5; p = 0.036) percentage points higher than offspring of normal-weight and underweight mothers, respectively. Fat mass index was similarly higher: 0.9 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.3, 1.5 kg/m2; p = 0.002) and 1.4 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.5, 2.3 kg/m2; p = 0.002), respectively. However, no differences in visceral adiposity were detected.ConclusionHigher maternal BMI during pregnancy was associated with increased adiposity in young adult offspring. Our findings suggest that the cross-generational transmission of maternal obesity-related traits is associated with increased offspring adiposity in the long term.

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“…Whole body scans were acquired using instrument‐specific software and procedures, and scans were analysed using Apex software (version 5.5.3). Multiple studies have reported that DXA provides reliable and valid estimates of visceral fat in youth and adults 15–17 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral fat and arterial stiffness in youth with healthy weight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes

et al. 2021

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Summary Background and objectives Visceral fat is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in adults, but studies in youth are limited. We assessed associations between visceral fat and arterial stiffness in youth with healthy weight, obesity and type 2 diabetes and determined whether relationships were independent of clinical estimates of body fatness. Methods This cross‐sectional sample included youth ages 10–23 years (67% female, 56% non‐black) with healthy weight (body mass index [BMI] = 5th–85th percentile, n = 236), obesity (BMI ≥ 95th percentile, n = 224) and type 2 diabetes (BMI ≥ 95th percentile, n = 145). Visceral fat was assessed via dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was assessed via applanation tonometry. Obesity and type 2 diabetes groups were combined for final analyses. Analyses accounted for age, sex, ancestry and mean arterial pressure. Results Visceral fat and PWV were greater in youth with obesity versus healthy weight (p < 0.001). In youth with obesity, but not healthy weight, visceral fat was positively associated with PWV (p < 0.001) and was predictive of PWV beyond BMI and waist circumference. Conclusions Visceral fat likely contributes to subclinical cardiovascular complications in youth. Since cardiovascular health tracks from adolescence to adulthood, longitudinal studies in youth with obesity are required to define the role of visceral fat in lifelong cardiovascular disease risk.

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Added values of DXA-derived visceral adipose tissue to discriminate cardiometabolic risks in pre-pubertal children

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Prevalence of and Factors Associated With High Blood Pressure at 15 Years of Age: A Birth Cohort Study

Prevalence of and Factors Associated With High Blood Pressure at 15 Years of Age: A Birth Cohort Study

Associations between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and body composition in young adult offspring

Visceral fat and arterial stiffness in youth with healthy weight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes

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