Additional experimental confirmations of Santilli's IsoRedShift and the consequential expected absence of the universe expansion

Abstract

In this paper, we outline the mathematical and physical foundation of the 1991 hypothesis by R. M. Santilli of IsoRedShift (IRS), namely, a frequency shift of light toward the red characterized by the loss of energy by light to a cold medium without any relative motion between the source, the medium and the observer; we outline the corresponding foundations of Santilli's IsoBlueShift (IBS), namely, a frequency shift of light toward the blue characterized by the acquisition of energy by light from a hot medium without relative motion; we show the compatibility of Santilli's IRS and IBS with the axioms of special relativity under their proper mathematical formulations; we review the original experimental confirmations of IRS by Santilli in 2010 for a blue laser light in a tube containing air at pressure; we review the experimental confirmations of both IRS and IBS by G. West and G. Amato in 2011; we review the confirmatory measurements by Santilli, West and Amato done in 2012 on the West coast of Florida on the IRS origin of the redness of the Sun in the transition from the Zenith to the horizon; we present, for the first time, additional confirmatory measurements of IRS of Sunlight from the Zenith to Sunset done by the authors at the island of Kos, Greece, on September 20, 2012; we present, also for the first time, additional confirmatory measurements of IRS of Sunlight from Sunrise to the Zenith done in Cocoa Beach, East Coast of Florida, on October 20, 2012; we review the compatibility of Santilli's 1991 IRS hypothesis with Zwicky's 1929 hypothesis of Tired Light and identify their difference in the process originating the redshift; we recall the fit of cosmological redshift done by P. LaViolette in 1986 with Zwicky's Tired Light hypothesis; we confirm Santilli's 2010 argument according to which the IRS origin of the redness of the Sun at the horizon without relative motion is visual evidence on the expected absence of the expansion of the universe and of related conjectures; and we present the dismissal of various objections against Santilli's IRS and its interpretation of the cosmological redshift. In essence, we agree with Santilli that cosmologists should follow Galileo's teaching by establishing cosmological models via experiments on Earth prior to their application to the universe.

Comments on the Regular and Irregular IsoRepresentations of the Lie-Santilli IsoAlgebras

“…Following the achievement in memoir [3] of a consistent formulation of the isotopies, Santilli applied the isotopies of Lie's isotheory them to a number of physical and chemical problems that cannot be even formulated with conventional Lie theory due to the need to represent of extended bodies under non-Hamiltonian interactions (see applications [6.7.8] with corresponding independent verifications and industrial applications [12,13,14], monograph [9] for a general treatment of the Lie-Santilli isotheory, and monographs [10,11] for applications in physics and chemistry, respectively).…”

“…The regular Lorentz-Santilli isosymmetry has permitted an invariant derivation of the Hubble law on the cosmological redshift z = Hd via the mere admission that light loses energy to the cold intergalactic medium without any need for the hyperbolic conjecture of the expansion of the universe via the assumption z = Hd -v/c [6,12]. It is important to verify this occurrence via the study of the regular isorepresentations of the Lorentz-Santilli isosymmetry due to its implications for all of cosmology, since the elimination of the expansion of the universe will likely require the revision of all our cosmological knowledge.…”

“…In a series of pioneering works [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], R. M. Santilli has constructed a new mathematics, today known as Santilli IsoMathematics, for the representation of extended, non-spherical and deformable particles under Hamiltonian as well as non-Hamiltonian interactions, which new mathematics has seen contributions by numerous important mathematicians (see, e.g. Rfs., [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]).…”

Mathematical, theoretical and experimental confirmations of IRS and IBS by R.M. Santilli

“…Consequently, with the assistance of the technicians at the Institute for Basic Research in Florida, as well as the support of external laser experts, Santilli constructed the IsoShift Testing Station (Figure 2) consisting an initial air-conditioned cabin containing a blue laser; a second air-conditioned cabin containing wavelength analyzers; the laser and analyzer being interconnected by a 60 ft ≈ 18 m long steel pressure pipe containing air at the maximal pressures up to 2000 psi ≈ 137 bars. After several months of successful measurements, Santilli released the results for publication [13] and put the accent on the main scope of the measurements which was establish to confirm the existence of the IRS (Figure 3), without any possibility of conducting statistical averages with the available experimental set up. The measurements in this particular confirmation recognized that the entire spectrum of Sunlight experiences a shift toward the red for about 100 nm, plus there is the appearance of about 100 nm in the infrared at the horizon that was not present at the Zenith.The measurements were conducted at the St. Petersburg Beach, Florida West Coast, also from the Zenith to the horizon, and at the same sequence of elevation over the horizon as done for the Yokogawa analyzer (Figure 4).…”

Santilli’s isoredshift and isoblueshift. A brief review

“…It is claimed that Santilli's IRS is similar to the cosmological redshift that has been described in ref. [9,10]. Thus Santilli's Isorelativity attempts to scrutinize the current assumption of the expansion of universe and related aspects.…”