Additive effects of lupin protein and phytic acid on aortic calcification in ApoE deficient mice

Abstract

Lupin proteins have repeatedly been shown to exhibit lipid lowering properties and reduce aortic calcification in atherosclerosis models. Despite many efforts on its identification, the component which is responsible for the observed effects is still under debate. Phytic acid which is generally associated with lupin protein isolates has currently been described as bioactive plant compound. The objective of the study was to determine the role of associated phytic acid for the described lupin protein effects.A two-factorial study with ApoE knockout mice was conducted in which mice received lupin protein isolate or casein with or without phytase. Phytic acid was added to the casein diets to a final concentration identical to the lupin protein diets. Here we show that the serum concentrations of cholesterol, lathosterol and desmosterol were lower and the faecal bile acid excretion was higher in the groups fed lupin proteins than in the groups fed casein (p < 0.05). Mice that received the lupin protein diet containing phytic acid were characterized by a lower aortic calcification than mice of the other three groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results show that the cholesterol lowering properties of lupin protein isolate were not caused by phytic acid. However, the hypocalcific action of lupin proteins appears to depend on the combination of lupin proteins and phytic acid.

Bioactive Peptides from Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) Prevent the Early Stages of Atherosclerosis in Western Diet-Fed ApoE–/– Mice

“…In conclusion, although previous studies have shown that LPI can decrease the calcification of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE knockout mice, , the present study shows the multifunctional properties of the peptides from lupin in the key steps of atherosclerosis. LPH, produced by hydrolysis with Alcalase, contained peptides with several motifs associated with hypolipidemic, antioxidant, immunomodulating, and antithrombotic effects.…”

Atherosclerosis Calcification: Focus on Lipoproteins

“…Moreover, treatment of SMC with 25-hydroxy cholesterol upregulated ALP expression, thus increasing calcification [ 87 ]. Finally, reduction of circulating cholesterol concentration in ApoE-deficient mice led to reduced aortic root calcification [ 88 ]. Altogether, these results suggest that lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism is involved in extra-cellular mineralization ( Table 1 ).…”

Lupin-Derived Bioactive Peptides: Intestinal Transport, Bioavailability and Health Benefits

“…Among the Lupinus spp ., L. albus (white lupin) , L. angustifolius (narrow-leaf lupin), and L. luteus (annual-yellow lupin) are the most consumed [ 4 , 5 ]. Several health-promoting properties have been reported of Lupinus species, mainly L. albus and L. angustifolius, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, and hypotensive properties among others in several preclinical and clinical human and animal studies [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. These biological activities are attributed to their human-health beneficial chemical components, such as polyphenols, carotenoids and other phytochemicals [ 16 , 17 ].…”