Additive genetic variance for traits least related to fitness increases with environmental stress in the desert locust,<i>Schistocerca gregaria</i>

Chapuis, Marie Pierre; Pélissié, Benjamin; Piou, Cyril; Chardonnet, Floriane; Pagès, Christine; Foucart, Antoine; Chapuis, Élodie; Jourdan-Pineau, Hélène

doi:10.1002/ece3.8099

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…In this context, similarly to our results, body size in house mice was also found to show very little plasticity in response to cold environments (Ballinger & Nachman, 2022). Regarding hot environments, Chapuis et al (2021) reported that in desert locusts, additive genetic variance in traits closely related to fitness was largely unaffected by thermal stress. In addition, a study of the effects of thermal stress on genetic variance in six species found that thermal stress generally did not affect genetic variance, but in the case that it did, the effect was highly species specific (Fischer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat over heritability: Increasing body size in response to global warming is not stabilized by genetic effects in Bechstein's bats

Mundinger

Schaik

Scheuerlein

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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Many animal populations around the globe struggle with the magnitude and speed of current climate change (Radchuk et al., 2019). The capacity of populations to cope with changing environments is determined by their ability to adapt through evolutionary change, or via phenotypic plasticity (Williams et al., 2008). While plasticity may enable local populations to overcome short-term environmental changes, it is genetic adaptation that enables populations to survive over longer periods in a changing world (Hoffmann & Sgró, 2011). Rapid genetic change, however, is limited in species with slow life histories, potentially increasing extinction risk (Chevin et al., 2010;Hoffmann & Sgró, 2011).Heritability is a common measure of a trait's potential for evolutionary change (de Villemereuil et al., 2018;Wilson & Poissant, 2016).Measuring and interpreting heritability, however, is notoriously impeded by the fact that it changes over space and time, depending on variation in genetic and environmental factors (Visscher et al., 2008;. To predict evolutionary change in populations, it is therefore crucial to investigate how variable environmental conditions affect heritability (Charmantier & Garant, 2005). To aid in the comparison of heritability estimates across studies, an additional standardized parameter has been suggested: 'evolvability', which is defined as the additive genetic variance of a trait, standardized by the trait value (Houle, 1992).In many animal species, body size is tightly linked to reproductive success and survival, typically with higher fitness in larger individuals (Green & Rothstein, 1991;Kruuk et al., 1999). In contrast, in the long-lived Bechstein's bat (Myotis bechsteinii), larger females exhibit

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat over heritability: Increasing body size in response to global warming is not stabilized by genetic effects in Bechstein's bats

Mundinger

Schaik

Scheuerlein

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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“…Our study adds to growing assessments of adaptive potentials in wild populations, through estimations of additive genetic variation, to environmental change (e.g Chapuis et al 2021; Peschel et al 2021). We found low additive genetic variance ( V A ) for functional traits and fitness components under both ambient and heated environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The capacity for adaptation to climate warming in an annual plant (Brassica rapa)

Grieshop

Weis

2022

Preprint

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The persistence of a declining population in the face of environmental change may depend on how fast natural selection restores fitness, a process called "evolutionary rescue". In turn, evolutionary rescue depends on a population's adaptive potential. Fisher's theorem states that a population's adaptive potential equals the additive genetic variance for fitness (VA(W)) divided by mean fitness (Ŵ). Both the numerator and denominator of this rate can differ across environments even when holding allele frequencies constant. However, little is known about how these rates change in wild populations during adaptation, including changes in additive and dominance variance. We assessed the change in adaptive potential and dominance variance in fitness (VD(W)) for a Québec population of wild mustard (Brassica rapa) under climate warming. We also assessed adaptive constraints that could arise from negative genetic correlations across environments. We grew a pedigreed population of 7000 plants under ambient and heated (+4°C) temperatures and estimated the change in Ŵ, VA(W), VD(W), and the cross-environment genetic correlations (rA). As predicted, estimates of VA(W) and adaptive potentials were higher under heated conditions but non-significantly so. This is perhaps because, surprisingly, plants exposed to a warmer climate exhibited greater Ŵ. Nevertheless, increased fitness in the warmer environment suggests a plasticity-based short-term potential for adaptation, and that weak but non-significant genetic correlations across environments will enable slow on-going adaptation to warming. Overall, this population of B. rapa harbours existing genetic architecture to persist under warmer temperatures through pre-adaptation but not through evolutionary rescue.

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“…In particular, traits associated with fitness under strong directional selection (Houle, 1992) or traits subject to sexual selection (Parker & Garant, 2004) may express different magnitudes of CGV compared to morphological or physiological traits. Using the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), Chapuis et al (2021) found increased additive genetic variance in traits least related to fitness compared to those under strong stabilizing selection, during environmental stress. There is also evidence of environment-specific CGV, with Walter et al (2022) finding an increase in additive genetic variance at low elevations, yet a decrease at high elevations for two Senecio species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the desert locust ( Schistocerca gregaria ), Chapuis et al. (2021) found increased additive genetic variance in traits least related to fitness compared to those under strong stabilizing selection, during environmental stress. There is also evidence of environment‐specific CGV, with Walter et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the definition of a novel environment affect the ability to detect cryptic genetic variation?

Riley,

Oostra,

Plaistow

2023

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

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Anthropogenic change exposes populations to environments that have been rare or entirely absent from their evolutionary past. Such novel environments are hypothesized to release cryptic genetic variation, a hidden store of variance that can fuel evolution. However, support for this hypothesis is mixed. One possible reason is a lack of clarity in what is meant by ‘novel environment’, an umbrella term encompassing conditions with potentially contrasting effects on the exposure or concealment of cryptic variation. Here, we use a meta‐analysis approach to investigate changes in the total genetic variance of multivariate traits in ancestral versus novel environments. To determine whether the definition of a novel environment could explain the mixed support for a release of cryptic genetic variation, we compared absolute novel environments, those not represented in a population's evolutionary past, to extreme novel environments, those involving frequency or magnitude changes to environments present in a population's ancestry. Despite sufficient statistical power, we detected no broad‐scale pattern of increased genetic variance in novel environments, and finding the type of novel environment did not explain any significant variation in effect sizes. When effect sizes were partitioned by experimental design, we found increased genetic variation in studies based on broad‐sense measures of variance, and decreased variation in narrow‐sense studies, in support of previous research. Therefore, the source of genetic variance, not the definition of a novel environment, was key to understanding environment‐dependant genetic variation, highlighting non‐additive genetic variance as an important component of cryptic genetic variation and avenue for future research.

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Additive genetic variance for traits least related to fitness increases with environmental stress in the desert locust,Schistocerca gregaria

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri bution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 4 publications

References 90 publications

Heat over heritability: Increasing body size in response to global warming is not stabilized by genetic effects in Bechstein's bats

Heat over heritability: Increasing body size in response to global warming is not stabilized by genetic effects in Bechstein's bats

The capacity for adaptation to climate warming in an annual plant (Brassica rapa)

Does the definition of a novel environment affect the ability to detect cryptic genetic variation?

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