Additive manufacturing of H13 tooling element with conformal cooling channel using MIG cladding

Legesse, Fisseha; Kapil, Sajan; Vithasth, Hari; Karunakaran, K. P.

doi:10.1504/ijrapidm.2018.089725

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…However, the use of these types of materials requires the same machining processes used to manufacture the production tooling such as computer numerical control (CNC), electrical discharge machining (EDM), and wire EDM machining, which are costly and time-consuming [ 6 , 17 ]. Recently, additive manufacturing (AM) was used to fabricate mold inserts for RT [ 9 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Typically, RT uses a model or prototype fabricated by AM technology as a pattern to form mold inserts, or mold inserts are directly manufactured through the AM method for a minimum number of prototypes [ 8 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Rapid Tooling in Rapid Heat Cycle Molding: A Review

et al. 2022

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Rapid tooling (RT) and additive manufacturing (AM) are currently being used in several parts of industry, particularly in the development of new products. The demand for timely deliveries of low-cost products in a variety of geometrical patterns is continuing to increase year by year. Increased demand for low-cost materials and tooling, including RT, is driving the demand for plastic and rubber products, along with engineering and product manufacturers. The development of AM and RT technologies has led to significant improvements in the technologies, especially in testing performance for newly developed products prior to the fabrication of hard tooling and low-volume production. On the other hand, the rapid heating cycle molding (RHCM) injection method can be implemented to overcome product surface defects generated by conventional injection molding (CIM), since the surface gloss of the parts is significantly improved, and surface marks such as flow marks and weld marks are eliminated. The most important RHCM technique is rapid heating and cooling of the cavity surface, which somewhat improves part quality while also maximizing production efficiencies. RT is not just about making molds quickly; it also improves molding productivity. Therefore, as RT can also be used to produce products with low-volume production, there is a good potential to explore RHCM in RT. This paper reviews the implementation of RHCM in the molding industry, which has been well established and undergone improvement on the basis of different heating technologies. Lastly, this review also introduces future research opportunities regarding the potential of RT in the RHCM technique.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Rapid Tooling in Rapid Heat Cycle Molding: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…AISI H13 tool steel (H13), known as hot-worked mold steel, is widely used in molds with cooling channels, such as die casting, plastic injection molds, forging, and extrusion because of its high-temperature strength, ductility, excellent tempering resistance, and wear resistance [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. The H13 mold is conventionally manufactured by the subtractive processing of large H13 blocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel

et al. 2022

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Among various processes for manufacturing complex-shaped metal parts, additive manufacturing is highlighted as a process capable of reducing the wastage of materials without requiring a post-process, such as machining and finishing. In particular, it is a suitable new manufacturing technology for producing AISI H13 tool steel for hot-worked molds with complex cooling channels. In this study, we manufactured AISI H13 tool steel using the laser power bed fusion (LPBF) process and investigated the effects of tempering temperature and holding time on its microstructure and mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the sub-grain cell microstructure of the AISI H13 tool steel manufactured using the LPBF process were superior to that of the H13 tool steel manufactured using the conventional method. These sub-grain cells decomposed and disappeared during the austenitizing process; however, the mechanical properties could be restored at a tempering temperature of 500 °C or higher owing to the secondary hardening and distribution of carbides. Furthermore, the mechanical properties deteriorated because of the decomposition of the martensite phase and the accumulation and coarsening of carbides when over-tempering occurred at 500 °C for 5 h and 550 °C for 3 h.

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“…It was found that cracking could be avoided by pre-heating and a post-weld annealing. Legesse et al [26] used a hybrid CMT milling approach to manufacture an AISI H13 die. It showed that the workpiece could be manufactured avoiding cracks by using a pre-heating system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different WAAM current deposition modes on the mechanical properties of AISI H13 tool steel

Hackenhaar

Mazzaferro

et al. 2022

Weld World

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In this work, AISI H13 tool steel build-ups were produced through wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The cold metal transfer (CMT), low spatter control (LSC) and pulsed synergic (PS) current deposition modes were compared. Similar deposition strategy was employed in order to attempt to evaluate the influence of energy input on geometrical and mechanical properties of the deposits. To evaluate the mechanical properties of the deposits, hardness and tensile tests were carried out. Microstructures were analysed in optical microscope. As a result of the intrinsic characteristics of each current waveform and adjustments of the heat source used to perform the deposits, the heat input value was similar for CMT and PS mode and lower for the LSC mode. The CMT deposit was the tallest and widest. Temperatures were higher using the PS deposition mode. The hardness values for all deposits were higher than the usual ones for this tool steel. The microstructure was composed by hard phases, and the precipitates at grain boundaries were responsible for the brittle fracture observed in tensile specimens.

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Additive manufacturing of H13 tooling element with conformal cooling channel using MIG cladding

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Potential of Rapid Tooling in Rapid Heat Cycle Molding: A Review

Potential of Rapid Tooling in Rapid Heat Cycle Molding: A Review

Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel

Effects of different WAAM current deposition modes on the mechanical properties of AISI H13 tool steel

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