2020
DOI: 10.1007/s00170-020-05389-5
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Additive manufacturing of WC-Co hardmetals: a review

Abstract: WC-Co hardmetals are widely used in wear-resistant parts, cutting tools, molds, and mining parts, owing to the combination of high hardness and high toughness. WC-Co hardmetal parts are usually produced by casting and powder metallurgy, which cannot manufacture parts with complex geometries and often require post-processing such as machining. Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are able to fabricate parts with high geometric complexity and reduce post-processing. Therefore, additive manufacturing of WC-Co… Show more

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Cited by 112 publications
(46 citation statements)
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References 134 publications
(284 reference statements)
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“…The results of the performed measurements of the hardness of cemented carbides (above 1100 HV30), WC grain size and cobalt content (vol.%) also comply with data worked out by Upadhyaya [ 51 ] and presented in Yang et al [ 52 ], i.e., with approximately 20 vol.% of Co, grain size between 5 and 10 μm, and hardness between 1100 and 1200 HV.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…The results of the performed measurements of the hardness of cemented carbides (above 1100 HV30), WC grain size and cobalt content (vol.%) also comply with data worked out by Upadhyaya [ 51 ] and presented in Yang et al [ 52 ], i.e., with approximately 20 vol.% of Co, grain size between 5 and 10 μm, and hardness between 1100 and 1200 HV.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…AM processes used for metals mainly include powder bed fusion (PBF) [11][12][13][14][15], directed energy deposition (DED) and sheet lamination (SL) [10]. The commonly used metal AM processes include PBF-L (powder bed fusion utilizing a laser as the heat source) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], DED-GMA (directed energy deposition with gas metal arc), and DED-L (directed energy deposition using laser beam as the heat source) [26,27]. According to the material feedstock, commonly used metal AM processes can be classified as powder-based and wire-based systems [28].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…After a layer is completed, the construction platform moves downward, or the extrusion head moves and presses the new layer onto the previous layer. EAM can be used to produce rapid tools or parts using several different materials: thermoplastics [ 4 ]; short fiber reinforced thermoplastics [ 5 ]; metals [ 6 ]; technical ceramics [ 7 ]; cermets and hardmetals [ 8 ]. …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%