Additively‐manufactured piezoelectric devices

Abstract

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.A low-cost micro-stereolithography technique with the ability to additively manufacture dense piezoelectric ceramic components is reported. This technique enables the layer-wise production of functional devices with a theoretical in-plane resolution of $20 mm and an out-of-plane resolution of <1 mm without suffering a significant reduction in the piezoelectric properties when compared to conventionally produced ceramics of the same composition. The ability to fabricate devices in complex geometries and with different material properties means that conventional limits of manufacturing are not present. A hollow, spherical shell of the piezoelectric material 0.65Pb(Mg1 /3 Nb2 /3 )O 3 -0.35PbTiO 3 , built without tooling or recourse to additional equipment or processes, is shown generating ultrasound in the MHz range.

Rheological and Curing Behavior of Acrylate-Based Suspensions for the DLP 3D Printing of Complex Zirconia Parts

“…Stereolithography is one of the most promising additive manufacturing techniques as it allows for the fabrication of ceramic parts with a complex shape and precisely controlled internal architecture [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The method is based on the layer-by-layer photopolymerization of a liquid resin filled with ceramic particles directly from the CAD model and, is known for its high accuracy and excellent surface finishing [5,6,7,8,9,10]. There are two types of stereolithography-based techniques that can be applied to fabricate 3D ceramic objects.…”

Fabrication of Composite Filaments with High Dielectric Permittivity for Fused Deposition 3D Printing

“…The stereolithography (SL) process with mixed fine ceramic powders suspended in a liquid photocurable resin has been used for many years for the fabrication of green parts with arbitrary final 3D shape [ 12 ]. Using photosensitive acrylic resin with piezoelectric micro-particles of 0.65Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.35PbTiO 3 , and magnetite nanoparticles, SL also has been used for the fabrication of a green structure for piezoelectric [ 13 ] and magnetic flow sensors [ 8 ], respectively. The same method was utilised to demonstrate various 3D structures with excellent capacitive property and high dielectric constant using Ag-surface-coated nanoparticles of PbZr x Ti 1− x O 3 incorporated into the photocurable polymer solution [ 14 ].…”

A Mathematical Model of a Novel 3D Fractal-Inspired Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducer

“…Thus, the results in comparison to a standard design suggest strongly that it would be worthwhile for a prototype based on the Sierpinski tetrix to be built, in order to determine whether experimental results support these theoretical results, especially for fractal generation level five. Three-dimensional printing of electronic sensors and additively-manufactured piezoelectric devices are still emerging technologies [31,32,33]. However, the scope exists for tackling the construction of these three-dimensional piezoelectric structures.…”