Addressing cultural complexities in practice: A framework for clinicians and counselors.

Dynamic Sizing, Multidimensional Identities, & Clinical Supervision

“…Both Mednikov's and Lytle's valuable remarks also appear to be in line with Hays' (2001) assertion of cultural complexities and multidimensional identities/memberships. Individuals' identities are, in fact, complex, multidimensional, and interactive (Hays, 2001;Pedersen, 1990), in part because most people probably do not think of themselves in strictly unidimensional terms, such as "Asian American" or "African American" (Hays, 2001). As a way to help clinicians take into account the dynamic cultural factors, Hayes' (2001) "ADDRESSING" framework is comprehensive, and includes the following: Age and generational influences, Developmental and acquired Disabilities, Religion and spiritual orientation, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic status, Sexual orientation, Indigenous heritage, National origin, and Gender.…”

“…As a way to help clinicians take into account the dynamic cultural factors, Hayes' (2001) "ADDRESSING" framework is comprehensive, and includes the following: Age and generational influences, Developmental and acquired Disabilities, Religion and spiritual orientation, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic status, Sexual orientation, Indigenous heritage, National origin, and Gender. Aside from helping clients to explore their identities in relation to each of the ADDRESSING influences, clinicians can also use the framework to increase their own selfawareness of their memberships in dominant groups (e.g., heterosexual, male) and/or nondominant groups (e.g., immigrants, lower SES), and the potential privileges, resources, and ] limitations associated with such memberships (Hays, 2001). This approach appears to be consistent with Hwang & Wood's (2007) specific advice regarding how cultural adaptations should be made when therapists do not share the client's cultural background and first language.…”

Considering Culture One Client at a Time: Maximizing the Cultural Exchange

“…Although accurate cultural knowledge by the therapist is essential, it is unlikely that any individual clinician will be able to develop insider-level expertise with any more than a few cultural groups (Hays, 2001;S. Sue, 1998).…”

“…For example, Bernal, Nonilla, and Bellido (1995) present a framework for culturally sensitive treatments with Hispanics that describe eight dimensions for adapting treatments and research to be ecologically valid, including language, persons, metaphors, content, concepts, goals, methods, and context. Hays (2001) offers a broader organizing system that incorporates traditional cultural factors, such as ethnicity, heritage, and national origin, but also includes age, disability, religion, gender, socioeconomic status and sexual orientation as culturally influenced factors to be considered in assessment and treatment.…”

Re-visioning cultural competence in community health services in Victoria

“…16,17 The cultural competence framework has been in existence since the late 1980s and has extensively been applied in different fields from mental health, [18][19][20][21] and chronic disease [22][23][24][25] to refugee and migrant health in general. [26][27][28][29] By 2001 the US government had already developed 14 National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services that guide the American health care system.…”