Addressing the sex trade in Thailand: Some lessons learned from NGOs, part I1

Arnold, Christina; Bertone, Andrea M.

doi:10.1007/s12147-002-0006-4

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Some groups assist with translations during this process, while others act as advocates for trafficked women, typically serving as liaisons between the women and criminal justice officials. A smaller group of NGOs offer shelter provisions for trafficked women or offer rehabilitative services to women leaving the sex industry (Arnold and Bertone 2002;Hyland 2001;Tzvetkova 2002). NGOs that provide preventative or protective programs, then, do so by utilizing a wide variety of methods in multiple locations.…”

Section: Prevention Protection Prosecution: Ngo Practices and The Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NGOs that provide preventative or protective programs, then, do so by utilizing a wide variety of methods in multiple locations. Often, there is disagreement regarding 'best practices' in offering such services, and lack of coordination among providers has proven to be a serious challenge (Arnold and Bertone 2002;Bertone 2004;Goodey 2004), again lending preliminary evidence to the assertion that an overcrowded and competitive organizational field results in suboptimal and often dysfunctional outcomes. The same is true with respect to efforts to prosecute offenders, and it is here that we most directly see the influence of funding sources in impacting the repertoires and framing devices of NGOs.…”

Section: Prevention Protection Prosecution: Ngo Practices and The Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Foerster

2009

International Feminist Journal of Politics

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This article utilizes an organizational analysis to examine the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the sex trafficking debate, and argues that, much like other organizations, NGOs respond to a host of external and environmental factors that alter their behavior and influence their opportunity for success. In this case, organizational competition between NGOs, the emergence of faith-based organizations (FBOs) as additional competitors and the primacy of US government agencies in providing funding have influenced the forms of organizational strategy implemented by NGOs, driven deeper divisions between feminist NGOs combating trafficking and, ultimately, undermined the ability of NGOs to serve as advocates on the global stage.---

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Section: Prevention Protection Prosecution: Ngo Practices and The Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevention Protection Prosecution: Ngo Practices and The Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contested Bodies

Foerster

2009

International Feminist Journal of Politics

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“…Since child trafficking is a criminal activity, and lawmakers and public officials find it difficult to acknowledge the magnitude of the problem, accurate statistical data are scarce and unreliable (Arnold and Bertone, 2002;Laczko, 2002;Melrose, 2002; UN Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking (UNIAP), UNODC, 2006). In 2002, it was estimated that 1.2 million children are trafficked annually (ILO, 2002a(ILO, , 2002b; more recent estimates suggest that the number is increasing (Farr, 2005;NGO Group, 2005).…”

Section: Child Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The US Department of State (2007) reports that more than two million children are exploited in the global commercial sex trade every year. Furthermore, existing data are rarely disaggregated according to the age of the victim (Arnold and Bertone, 2002;Melrose, 2002).…”

Section: Child Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children for sale: Child trafficking in Southeast Asia

Rafferty

2007

Child Abuse Review

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The paper provides an overview of child trafficking in Southeast Asia. It highlights human rights and international laws relevant to this egregious form of child abuse. It describes the experiences of the young victims and the consequences for their physical and emotional well-being. It reviews the risk factors at the level of the community setting (poverty and economic inequality), the child and his/her family (gender, age, race/ethnicity, family functioning, education) and broader contextual variables at the macro level (gender inequality and discrimination, demand factors). Finally, it presents recommendations for legal and policy initiatives to cease the sale and exploitation of children.

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“…Every street of Pattaya is full of pubs, bars, karaoke, Go Go bars and brothels. It is the centre of many international and illegal gangs, a large sex trade and many human trafficking agencies (Arnold & Bertone, 2002).…”

Section: Future Plans: Few Options In Life Work and Incomementioning

confidence: 99%

The Life Experiences of Unmarried Teenage Mothers in Thailand

Sa-ngiamsak¹

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The World Health Organization estimates that about 16 million women aged 15-19 years old give birth each year, which constitutes 11% of all births worldwide (World Health Organization, 2015).Many of these pregnancies are not merely unplanned but also unwanted and major concerns arise for the well-being of teenage mothers, particularly those who are unmarried and poor. In Thailand, as the proportion of teenage mothers has increased from 12.9% (95,879) in 2003 to 16.8% (125,371) in 2013 (Department of Reproductive Health, 2013, teenage pregnancy has become a major social, policy and practice concern. The acceptance of and support for unmarried teenage mothers varies according to social and cultural contexts. Traditional Thai culture and norms regarding a woman's sexual behaviour, which include the preservation of virginity until marriage, are clearly at odds with giving birth outside marriage. However, attitudes toward sexual activity in Thailand are changing in response to the processes of modernisation and globalisation, leading to conflict between traditional and more modern values. This conflict presents a new level of complexity to the lives of unmarried teenage mothers but has yet to affect the limited welfare support that is available to them. To date, little is known about their experiences, especially those who live in poor and rural areas.This research aims to develop a better understanding of the experiences of Thai teenage mothers from these areas in order to inform the development of social policy and practice to meet their needs. The research comprised in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 17 unmarried Thai teenage mothers from a rural area of Thailand. The sampling aimed to include what might be considered a highly vulnerable group of young women: young mothers who were aged 18 or less when their child was born, unmarried and not being supported by the father of the child.Participants were recruited from those who attended services provided by four government agencies in Buriram province, North-eastern Thailand. This province has one of the highest rates of teenage pregnancy and is one of the poorest regions in Thailand. Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide in the language and dialect of their choice. Analysis of the interview data identified common and diverse themes in their experiences and drew attention to how their experiences were shaped by their social and cultural context.In order to understand the interaction between social context and the life experiences of unmarried teenage mothers, this study is framed by the Ecological Systems Theory of Bronfenbrenner (1979).The multiple layers of the participants' environment and the interactions between them are explored ii to enhance understanding of their life experiences and to articulate the opportunities and constraints in developing policy and practice for this group.The key findings from this study illustrate the complexity of current Thai society which creates contradictions and tensions in ...

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Addressing the sex trade in Thailand: Some lessons learned from NGOs, part I1

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

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Children for sale: Child trafficking in Southeast Asia

The Life Experiences of Unmarried Teenage Mothers in Thailand

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