Addressing the Unique Needs of African American Women in HIV Prevention

El‐Bassel, Nabila; Caldeira, Nathilee A.; Ruglass, Lesia M.; Gilbert, Louisa

doi:10.2105/ajph.2008.140541

Cited by 131 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…[4][5][6] In addition, social and economic disadvantage, homelessness, and incarceration have been shown to be associated with sexual risk behavior and HIV infection. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Partner-related or sexual network factors have also been shown to be important in HIV risk among women, including sexual partner drug use, partner incarceration, concurrent sexual partnerships and assortative mixing (e.g., sex with other people from the same race and/or ethnicity). 7,9,[17][18][19][20] Limited data are available on the longitudinal occurrence of syndemic factors among women and how these factors relate to sexual risk over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Sexual Risk and Syndemics among Women in Three Urban Areas in the United States: Analysis from HVTN 906

et al. 2015

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on behalf of the HVTN 906 study team ABSTRACT Limited data are available on the longitudinal occurrence of syndemic factors among women at risk for HIV infection in the USA and how these factors relate to sexual risk over time. HVTN 906 was a longitudinal study enrolling 799 HIV-uninfected women in three cities. Assessments were done at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months to assess syndemic factors (low education, low income, unemployment, lack of health insurance, housing instability, substance use, heavy alcohol use, partner violence, incarceration) and sexual risk outcomes. For each sexual risk outcome, a GEE model was fit with syndemic factors or syndemic score (defined as sum of binary syndemics, ranging from 0 to 9), visit, study site, age and race/ethnicity as predictors to examine the multivariable association between syndemic factors and outcomes over time. Odds of unprotected sex while drunk or high were significantly higher when women reported lack of health insurance, substance and heavy alcohol use and partner violence. Housing instability, substance and heavy alcohol use, partner violence and recent incarceration were associated with higher odds of having multiple sexual partners. Odds of sex exchange were significantly higher in the presence of unemployment, housing instability, low education, lack of health insurance, substance and heavy alcohol use, partner violence and incarceration. Housing instability, substance and heavy alcohol use, and partner violence were significantly associated with higher odds of unprotected anal sex. Odds of having a recent STI were significantly higher when women reported housing instability and partner violence. There were significantly higher odds of the reporting of any risk outcomes during follow-up with higher syndemic score. This study highlights a group of women experiencing multiple poor social and health outcomes who need to be the focus of comprehensive interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Sexual Risk and Syndemics among Women in Three Urban Areas in the United States: Analysis from HVTN 906

et al. 2015

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“…For women, HIV-related stigma is frequently layered on top of the stigma and discrimination that sexism generates. Notably, gendered experiences of daily living and their impact on access to resources, power, and influence on risk behaviors have been associated with higher risk for HIV and less than optimal HIV-related health outcomes for some groups including African American women [22].…”

Section: Stigma and Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2015

ACRS

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“…Other factors which may be associated with HIV infection among low-income black women such as childhood sexual abuse, sex ratio imbalances, relocation due to neighborhood gentrification, and laboratory-confirmed sexually transmitted infections were not measured in this study. 55 Also, the lack of additional biological data, including CD4 cell counts, viral load, and BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay, prevented an inference for estimating duration of HIV infection, although it is likely that many had a relatively long duration of infection. BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay was used in NYC NHBS-HET1, which had a similar study population to that of NYC NHBS-HET2, with the exception that NHBS-HET1 was somewhat younger since the eligible age range was 18 to 50 years (compared to 18 to 60 years in NHBS-HET2).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High HIV Prevalence Among Low-Income, Black Women in New York City with Self-Reported HIV Negative and Unknown Status

Reilly

Neaigus

Jenness

et al. 2013

Journal of Women's Health

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Background: Black women are disproportionally affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study investigates factors associated with newly identified HIV infection among previously self-reported HIV negative or unknown status black women living in high risk areas (HRAs) of New York City (NYC). Methods: Heterosexuals residing in or socially connected to NYC HRAs were recruited using respondent driven sampling for participation in the United States Centers for Disease Control-sponsored National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System in 2010. Eligible individuals were interviewed and offered an HIV test. The analysis reported here focused on black women with valid HIV results who did not report being HIV positive, and examined factors related to HIV infection in this group. Results: Of 153 black women who did not report being HIV positive at enrollment, 15 (9.8%) tested HIV positive. Age ‡ 40 years, ever injected drugs, and in the last 12 months had unprotected vaginal sex, exchange sex, last sex partner used crack, non-injection crack use, and non-injection heroin use were significantly associated with HIV infection ( p < 0.05). Only ever injected drugs (prevalence ratio: 5.1; 95% confidence interval: 2.0, 12.9) was retained in the final model. Conclusions: Black women who had reported being either HIV negative or unaware of their serostatus had high HIV prevalence. Efforts to identify and treat HIV positive black women in HRAs should target those with a history of injection drug use. Frequent testing for HIV should be promoted in HRAs.

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Addressing the Unique Needs of African American Women in HIV Prevention

Cited by 131 publications

References 83 publications

HIV Sexual Risk and Syndemics among Women in Three Urban Areas in the United States: Analysis from HVTN 906

HIV Sexual Risk and Syndemics among Women in Three Urban Areas in the United States: Analysis from HVTN 906

Untitled

High HIV Prevalence Among Low-Income, Black Women in New York City with Self-Reported HIV Negative and Unknown Status

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