Adenovirus 2 peptide IX gene is expressed only on replicated DNA molecules.

Mizutani, Takashi; Murayama, Minoru; Morita, Takashi

doi:10.1128/mcb.6.12.4149

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…We do not know to what extent transiently introduced DNA is organized in nucleoprotein structures reflective of stable chromatin, nor can we determine what fraction of this DNA actually serves as a template. Results from these systems may selectively emphasize the role of protein-protein contacts, although replication of the DNA template has been shown to be important for some responses even in transient expression analysis (6,24). In this regard, we have recently demonstrated that hyperacetylation of histones causes the MMTV promoter to become refractory to hormone stimulation and nucleosome displacement (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription factor access is mediated by accurately positioned nucleosomes on the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter.

et al. 1991

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A fragment of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter was reconstituted from pure histones into a dinucleosome with uniquely positioned octamer cores. Core boundaries for the in vitro-assembled dinucleosome corresponded to the observed in vivo phasing pattern for long terminal repeat nucleosomes A and B. Nuclear factor 1 (NF1), a constituent of the MMTV transcription initiation complex, was excluded from the assembled dinucleosome, whereas the glucocorticoid receptor was able to bind. During transcription of MMTV in vivo, displacement of nucleosome B was necessary to permit assembly of the initiation complex. These results indicate that the nucleoprotein structure of the promoter can provide differential access to sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins and that active chromatin remodeling can occur during transcription activation.The DNA in eucaryotic cells is continuously wrapped on a series of repeating histone octamer cores, giving rise to long polynucleosome arrays. In its path around the nucleosome, the DNA molecule is intimately associated with the histones. The influence that this organization may have on interactions between diffusible control proteins and their recognition sites on the DNA template is poorly understood (for reviews, see references 8, 15, 18, and 25). Regions of DNA hypersensitive to nucleolytic attack are often inferred to be nucleosome free, but it is not clear whether octamer cores are excluded from these regions during some particular period of nucleosome instability, such as replication, or whether preexisting cores can actually be displaced from the template. Furthermore, we now know of several examples for which the octamer cores can be quite precisely positioned, or phased, with regard to specific sequences. In these particular cases, the effect of nucleosome position on the binding of a given transcription factor is of potential significance.Inducible genes present an obvious possibility to examine this issue directly. The yeast PH05 locus and the long terminal repeat (LTR) of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) are two examples of inducible promoters whose chromatin structure has been well characterized (1, 31). The MMTV LTR reproducibly acquires a series of six positioned nucleosomes when introduced in mammalian cells. Although this phasing pattern was originally described with MMTV DNA sequences on highly amplified episomes (27), we have recently established that the same positioning is observed for integrated MMTV sequences (2, 31a). MMTV LTR sequences therefore include information specifying a reproducible nucleoprotein structure, although the mechanism(s) by which this chromatin pattern is acquired are not understood. Changes to this nucleoprotein structure occur quite rapidly, eliminating the elements of cell growth, differentiation, and division that are coincident with the establishment of many previously characterized alterations in chromatin structure. * Several proteins involved in hormone-dependent activation of the MMTV promoter have been characterized, includ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription factor access is mediated by accurately positioned nucleosomes on the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter.

et al. 1991

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“…The pIX gene encodes a capsid protein and is expressed late (Crossland & Raskas, 1983). A number of investigators have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms controlling these transcriptional switches, with inconsistent results (Crossland & Raskas, 1983;Matsui et al, 1986;Venkatesh & Chinnadurai, 1987;Vales & DarneU, 1989). For instance, earlier work suggested that viral DNA replication was a prerequisite for activation of the pIX gene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effect of DNA Supercoiling on Transcription of Adenovirus Genes in vitro

Banerjee

Spector²

1992

Journal of General Virology

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We examined the effect of DNA template topology on the transcription of immediate early (E 1 a), early (E 1 b) and late (pIX) adenovirus genes in vitro. Transcription in whole cell extracts was measured by quantitative hybridization to end-labelled DNA and protection of hybrids from $1 nuclease digestion. Two-to fourfold more E la RNA was synthesized from supercoiled, compared to linear, DNA templates. Similarly, transcription of the Elb gene was stimulated three-to sevenfold when the template was supercoiled. In contrast, RNA synthesis from the late pIX gene was found to be independent of DNA topology. These results show that DNA topology affects transcription in a promoter-specific manner.

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“…I and others have previously reported that transcription of the adenovirus 2 peptide IX (pIX) gene is activated by DNA replication in a transient expression assay (19,27). Transcription of the pIX gene occurred only on DNA molecules that had been replicated in transfected HeLa cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus 2 peptide IX gene is expressed only on replicated DNA molecules.

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Transcription factor access is mediated by accurately positioned nucleosomes on the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter.

Transcription factor access is mediated by accurately positioned nucleosomes on the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter.

Differential Effect of DNA Supercoiling on Transcription of Adenovirus Genes in vitro

Novel regulation of transcription initiation of the peptide IX gene of adenovirus 2.

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