“…In 2008, Brazil already had 211 MSW composting plants (IBGE, 2008) concentrated in two states (IPEA, 2012). These centralised treatment units, dating from the 1980s, collected and treated MSW far from the waste generator, making composting compatible with MSW regime, but hindering citizen commitment with waste separation (Siqueira and Assad, 2015), increasing neighbourhood's resistance (Barbosa et al, 2016;De Siqueira and De Abreu, 2016) and resulting contaminated waste that leads to fail in a short time (Collares et al, 2010). As composting is a more complex treatment than landfills, it adds to the costs figure and without changing MSW collection and transport needs, centralised composting negatively affects the system costs, discouraging local governments (Rodrigues et al, 2016).…”