Adherence Reduction of and Strains to HEp-2 Cells by Mannan Oligosaccharides and a High-Molecular-Weight Component of Cranberry Extract

Abstract

Campylobacter infections are a leading cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis in the United States and are a major cause of diarrheal disease throughout the world. Colonization and subsequent infection and invasion of Campylobacter require that the bacteria adhere to the surface of host cells. Agents that inhibit adherence could be used prophylactically to reduce Campylobacter carriage and infection. Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) have been used as a feed supplement in livestock animals to improve performance and to replace growth-promoting antibiotics. However, MOS and other nondigestible oligosaccharides may also prevent pathogen colonization by inhibiting adherence in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, plant extracts, including those derived from cranberries, have been shown to have antiadherence activity against pathogens. The goal of this study was to assess the ability of MOS and cranberry fractions to serve as antiadherence agents against strains of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Adherence experiments were performed using HEp-2 cells. Significant reductions in adherence of C. jejuni 29438, C. jejuni 700819, C. jejuni 3329, and C. coli 43485 were observed in the presence of MOS (up to 40 mg/ml) and with a high-molecular-weight fraction of cranberry extract (up to 3 mg/ml). However, none of the tested materials reduced adherence of C. coli BAA-1061. No additive effect in adherence inhibition was observed for an MOS-cranberry blend. These results suggest that both components, MOS and cranberry, could be used to reduce Campylobacter colonization and carriage in livestock animals and potentially limit human exposure to this pathogen.

Carvacrol attenuates Campylobacter jejuni colonization factors and proteome critical for persistence in the chicken gut

“…This result agrees with our previous reports ( Upadhyay et al., 2017 ) and others ( Van Alphen et al., 2012 ), which also showed the antiadhesion property of carvacrol on human epithelial cells. Similar results have also been reported with berries ( Salaheen et al., 2014 ), cranberry extract ( Ramirez-Hernandez et al., 2015 ), Alpinia katsumadai extracts ( Šikić Pogačar et al., 2015 ), grape extract ( Klančnik et al., 2017 ), thyme extracts ( Šikić Pogačar et al., 2016 ), herbal extracts ( Bensch et al., 2011 ), β-resorcylic acid ( Wagle et al., 2017a ), and resveratrol ( Klančnik et al., 2017 ). Adding to the knowledge of these studies, our data suggest that carvacrol exerts antiadhesion properties to primary chicken enterocytes at chicken body temperature (42°C).…”

Eleutherine americana extract inhibits adherence to and invasion of Caco‐2 cells by commonly contaminated Campylobacter spp. in food

“…Zhao and Shah () have reported that tea and soybean extracts were found to inhibit adherence of the foodborne pathogens to Caco‐2 cells. In another study, reduction in the adherence ability of C. jejuni and C. coli isolates to HEp‐2 cells were reported upon treatment with mannan oligosaccharides and fraction of cranberry extract (Ramirez‐Hernandez, Rupnow, & Hutkins, ). In the present work, however, upon exposure of Caco‐2 cells with Campylobacter spp.…”

Anti-Pathogenic Functions of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides In Vitro

“…As mannose glycosides have a significantly higher affinity for the Klebsiella pneumonia , it is likely that FimH structure varies between species and are also presented differently [ 161 ]. This difference is also reflected in superior Escherichia coli specificity for mono-or trimannose moieties [ 162 , 163 ]. Furthermore, significant reduction in the adherence of Campylobacter jejuni and coli to human epithelial cells was observed in the presence of MOS [ 163 ].…”

“…This difference is also reflected in superior Escherichia coli specificity for mono-or trimannose moieties [ 162 , 163 ]. Furthermore, significant reduction in the adherence of Campylobacter jejuni and coli to human epithelial cells was observed in the presence of MOS [ 163 ]. An overview of anti-adhesion activities is shown in Table 6 .…”