Abstract:More than three-quarters of patients with IBD adhere to biologics. Predictors of nonadherence include female gender, smoking, constraints related to treatment, anxiety, and moodiness. These data could be used to develop intervention studies aimed at improving adherence to biologics in IBD.
“…It is also inferred that the both the polymorphism may have synergistic effect on the susceptibility and may work in tandem to influence the etiology of IBD in Saudi population. The outcome of present study will not only help in the prognosis of IBD in Saudi population but also provide guideline for the treatment with anti-TNF therapy as individuals with different genotypes of TNF-α (-308G/A) respond differently to anti-TNF-α treatment [136,137]. However, further studies are required involving other ethnic populations to strengthen these findings.…”
The frequencies of alleles and genotypes of TNF-α, TNF-β, and IL-10 genes were examined in Saudi subjects including IBD patients (UC and CD) and matched controls.
“…It is also inferred that the both the polymorphism may have synergistic effect on the susceptibility and may work in tandem to influence the etiology of IBD in Saudi population. The outcome of present study will not only help in the prognosis of IBD in Saudi population but also provide guideline for the treatment with anti-TNF therapy as individuals with different genotypes of TNF-α (-308G/A) respond differently to anti-TNF-α treatment [136,137]. However, further studies are required involving other ethnic populations to strengthen these findings.…”
The frequencies of alleles and genotypes of TNF-α, TNF-β, and IL-10 genes were examined in Saudi subjects including IBD patients (UC and CD) and matched controls.
“…Disease activity should also be accessed using an infl ammatory marker [fecal calprotectin usually being more accurate than CRP, especially in ulcerative colitis (UC)] [42] and endoscopy. In addition, non-adherence to medications may occur in up to 29% in IBD patients on anti-TNFs [43].…”
Section: Management Of Lor To Anti-tnfs Guided By Ifx and Ati Levelsmentioning
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors and thiopurines are among the most important classes of medications utilized in the clinical management of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. A signifi cant proportion of patients loses response to these agents or develops adverse eff ects during the course of the treatment. Monitoring of drug levels and anti-drug antibodies (for TNF-α inhibitors) and metabolite levels (for thiopurines) can provide valuable insight into the possible etiology of unfavorable outcomes and allow for an appropriate management strategy for these patients. Th is review summarizes the current knowledge on the clinical implications of therapeutic drug monitoring in infl ammatory bowel disease patients treated with TNF-α inhibitors and thiopurines.
“…In the studies performed to date, up to 40% of patients with symptoms suggestive of exacerbation do not present active inflammation. We should examine the patient's treatment adherence, estimating that up to 17.4% of patients do not comply with the prescribed biologic treatment [79]. Once these 2 clinical conditions have been ruled out, measuring the levels can more effectively guide our treatment.…”
Despite the efficacy demonstrated by anti-TNF drugs in treating inflammatory bowel disease, there is a significant percentage of patients for whom the drugs fail or the response to the drugs is lost. The limitations in managing these patients and the increase in costs necessitate an individualised strategy to optimise their clinical management. Recent studies have noted the relationship between the clinical outcome and therapeutic adjustments based on monitoring anti-TNF levels and the presence of antibodies, taking into account other factors such as the type of disease and its severity. This study reviews the available information and proposes a clinical management algorithm to achieve a more efficient result.
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