Adherence to the MIND dietary pattern and sleep quality, sleep related outcomes and mental health in male adults: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background A large number of studies have investigated the association of the Mediterranean and DASH diets with psychological health as well as sleep related outcomes. However, only a few number of studies have examined the association of their newly proposed hybrid, Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) dietary pattern, with sleep quality and sleep related outcomes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 male health professions (mean age 38.67 years). Dietary information was collected using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The MIND score was computed based on major dietary components emphasized or minimized in this pattern. The higher the MIND score of a subject, the greater his adherence to the MIND pattern. Mental health was evaluated using the 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. Sleep-related outcomes (day-time sleepiness and insomnia) were also evaluated using standard questionnaires Results No significant associations were found between adherence to the MIND diet score and odds of stress, anxiety and depression either in the crude or multivariable-adjusted models (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, participants with the greatest adherence to the MIND diet had lower odds of poor sleep quality (OR for T3 vs. T1: 0.56 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.92), P-trend = 0.023). The results remained significant after full adjustment for confounding variables (P-trend = 0.042). Participants in the highest tertile of MIND diet had a 42% lower odds of daytime sleepiness in the crude and multivariable-adjusted model (P-trend < 0.05). Although no significant association was observed between adherence to the MIND diet and severity of insomnia in the crude model (P-trend = 0.055), the multivariable-adjusted model showed that the highest adherence to the MIND diet was associated with lower odds of insomnia (OR for T3 vs. T1: 0.54 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.93), P-trend = 0.031). Conclusion While no significant associations were found between adherence to the MIND diet and stress, anxiety and depression, greater adherence to the MIND diet were associated with lower odds of poor sleep quality and sleep-related outcomes.

Plant-based dietary patterns and their association with mood in healthy individuals

“…While the MIND diet has been associated with slower decline in cognitive abilities 46 , and found to be more predictive of slowing cognitive decline than either the DASH or Mediterranean diets 13,47 , we did not find any correlation between the MIND diet and mood. This finding is in line with two previous studies in adults in their 30s, which also did not find any relationship between adherence to the MIND diet and reduced risks of stress, anxiety and depression 48,49 . However, a prospective cohort study in adults in their late 70s found that the MIND diet score was associated with lower rates of depression over a 6.5 years of follow-up 50 .…”

“…This finding is in line with two previous studies in adults in their 30s, which also did not find any relationship between adherence to the MIND diet and reduced risks of stress, anxiety and depression. 48,49 However, a prospective cohort study in adults in their late 70s found that the MIND diet score was associated with lower rates of depression over a 6.5 years of follow-up. 50 More studies are clearly needed to evaluate the true association between the MIND diet and mood, possibly on different age groups.…”

Adherence to the MIND diet is inversely associated with odds and severity of anxiety disorders: a case–control study

“…The aforementioned limitations in addition to the various questionnaire used for anxiety assessment, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), might have led to such inconsistency. Also, in a cross-sectional study evaluating the association between adherence to the MIND diet, sleep quality, and mental health no significant associations were found between the odds of anxiety, depression, and the MIND diet; however, Greater adherence to this dietary pattern had led to lower odds of poor sleep quality and sleep-related outcomes [ 41 ]. The contradictory results can be ascribed to the study population, exclusively males, and the different questionnaires, 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21), applied for anxiety assessment.…”

Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Favorable Health-Related Quality of Life, Physical Activity, and Sleep Quality in a Community-Dwelling Greek Older Population

“…A cross-sectional study in 810 very old adults over the age of 85 years showed that those with a "good" self-reported sleep quality had a "moderateto-high" diet quality, even after adjustment for several confounding factors [72]. Another paper by Godos et al [73], as part of the Mediterranean healthy Eating, Ageing, and Lifestyle (MEAL) study, documented that a diet with a higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII ® ) brought a higher risk of inadequate sleep quality in adults, as assessed by the PSQI questionnaire, while Rostami et al, using the same sleep quality questionnaire, recently found that adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet brought a lower risk of poor sleep quality in adults [74].…”