Adiponectin response to supervised aerobic training in type II diabetic patients

Abstract

Background:Cross-sectional studies have linked decreased adiponectin levels with several metabolic traits, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Previous studies conducted to investigate the effects of acute or chronic exercise on the serum adiponectin have produced conflicting and controversial results. Objective: To investigate the effect of supervised aerobic training of moderate intensity on the total serum levels of adiponectin and its relationship to insulin resistance and body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes (DM2). Methods: Thirty-five patient participants diagnosed as having DM2 mellitus for more than 5 years with normal or near normal body weight took part in this study. The diagnosis of DM was based on the American Diabetes Association criteria for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum levels of blood glucose, insulin, total adiponectin, high molecular weight adiponectin, and insulin resistance were determined before and after a 12-week program of supervised moderate intensity aerobic training. Results: Twelve weeks of supervised moderate intensity aerobic training produced a significant reduction of fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, and insulin resistance in male subjects with DM2. By contrast, a significant increase in the total serum adiponectin and high molecular weight adiponectin has been reported. There was no significant correlation between the reduction of the body mass index, insulin resistance, and the increase of the total serum adiponectin or high molecular weight adiponectin. Conclusion: Prolonged exercise training of at least moderate intensity improves levels of adiponectin and insulin sensitivity in men with type 2 diabetes.

The Important Role of Adiponectin and Orexin-A, Two Key Proteins Improving Healthy Status: Focus on Physical Activity

“…These studies indicate that a significant volume of aerobic training is necessary to obtain a significant modification of Adiponectin levels and that this large volume can be reached both using long term interventions and high-intensity exercise protocols. Other authors recently confirmed the importance of prolonged exercise training (of at least moderate intensity) in order to obtain a significant increase in serum Adiponectin (Magkos et al, 2010): in fact, it was demonstrated that 12 weeks of moderate aerobic training significantly improved the total serum Adiponectin and high molecular weight Adiponectin in people with diabetes type II who generally have low serum Adiponectin levels (Aly et al, 2014). Furthermore, recent studies show that adiponectin expression is modulated by long-term physical activity in patients affected by Cystic Fibrosis and that, interestingly, in the active group cystic fibrosis patients adiponectin levels were inversely correlated with forced expiratory volume (FEV) 1% decrease/year and FEV1% decrease (Polito et al, 2019).…”

“…Overall, in the last few decades, only a few studies with correct approaches have been found. In these studies, both aerobic and resistance training improved Adiponectin levels in about onethird of trials performed on sedentary, overweight and obese people (Cnop et al, 2003;Bouassida et al, 2010;Aly et al, 2014;Novaes Gomes et al, 2014;Dehghani and Mogharnasi, 2015).…”

Effect of Gender, Physical Activity and Stress-Related Hormones on Adolescent’s Academic Achievements

“…At the last phase, all participants go into resting stage or cool-down, which continued for 10 to 15 min, where the workload decreased gradually until the participant's HR and blood pressure returned nearly to resting level. Throughout the entire training session, the heart rate of the participant was monitored using a portable heart rate monitor to maintain exercise intensity within the pre-calculated training heart rate [49].…”

Expression of <b><i>AdipoR1</i></b> and <b><i>AdipoR2</i></b> and Serum Level of Adiponectin in Gastric Cancer

“…AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 are present approximately in 1% of T cells, 93% of monocytes, 47% of B cells, and 21% of NK cells [24]. AdipoR2 mRNA expression and plasma concentration of adiponectin are decreased in patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and coronary heart disease [25][26][27].…”