Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Pulmonary Dysfunction in Obesity

Palma, Giuseppe; Sorice, Gian Pio; Genchi, Valentina Annamaria; Giordano, Fiorella; Caccioppoli, Cristina; D’Oria, Rossella; Marrano, Nicola; Biondi, Giuseppina; Giorgino, Francesco; Perrini, Sebastio

doi:10.3390/ijms23137349

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…This process is known as "ectopic fat deposition." In respiratory system diseases, visceral fat has become a new research focus due to its impact on increasing disease susceptibility, elevating the diaphragm, compressing airways, promoting in ammation, inducing lipid toxicity, and remodeling the heart and blood vessels [27]. The fat located around the heart and coronary arteries is generally referred to as PAT and is classi ed as visceral fat tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Application of the BRP Prognosis Model for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Cheng

Feng

Pan

et al. 2023

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Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial lung disease, with varying disease progression and prognosis. Clinical models to accurately evaluate the prognosis of IPF are currently lacking. Objective To train and validate a prediction model for transplant-free survival (TFS) of IPF based on the clinical and radiological information. Methods A multicenter prognostic study was conducted, involving 166 IPF patients followed up for three years. The end point of follow-up was death or lung transplantation, and the outcome indicator was TFS. The clinical information, lung function tests, and chest computed tomography (CT) scans were collected. Body composition quantification on CT was performed using 3D Slicer software. Risk factors in Blood routine examination-Radiology-Pulmonary function (BRP) were identified by Cox regression, and were utilized to construct the “BRP Prognosis Model”. The performance of the BRP model and the gender-age-physiologic variables (GAP) was compared using time-ROC curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests were used for risk stratification based on individual BRP scores. Furthermore, the Spearman correlation analysis was utilized to explore the correlation between body composition, lung function and serum inflammatory cytokines. Results Our study identified neutrophil percentage༞68.3%, pericardial adipose tissue (PAT)༞94.91 cm3, pectoralis muscle radiodensity (PMD) ≤ 36.24 HU, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide/alveolar ventilation (DLCO/VA) ≤ 56.03%, and maximum vital capacity (VCmax)༜90.5% as independent risk factors for poorer TFS among patients with IPF. We constructed BRP model, which showed superior accuracy, discrimination, and clinical practicability to GAP model. Median TFS differed significantly among patients at different risk levels identified by the BRP model (low-risk: TFS > 3 years; intermediate-risk: TFS = 2–3 years; high-risk: TFS ≈ 1 year). Additionally, serum proinflammatory markers were positively correlated with visceral fat volume and infiltration, and negatively correlated with lung function indicators. Conclusion In this study, the BRP prognostic model of IPF was successfully constructed, and internally and externally validated. Compared with the most commonly used GAP, the BRP model had better performance and generalization with easily obtainable indicators. The BRP model is suitable for clinical promotion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Application of the BRP Prognosis Model for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Cheng

Feng

Pan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Previous evidence shows that obesity has deleterious effects on lung function, which explains its association with lung disease, such as hypoventilation syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, pulmonary hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, among others [ 39 ]. Obesity can affect respiratory mechanics, altering total lung capacity and predisposing obese people to respiratory distress [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity as a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: Epidemiology and Potential Mechanisms

et al. 2022

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SARS-CoV-2 infection is a global public health problem, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Evidence shows that obesity is a recognized risk factor for hospitalization, admission to critical care units, and the development of serious complications from COVID-19. This review analyzes the available epidemiological evidence that relates obesity to a higher risk of severity and mortality from COVID-19, examining the possible pathophysiological mechanisms that explain this phenomenon on a cellular and molecular level.

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“…Измененный профиль секреции адипокинов из дисфункциональной жировой ткани при морбидном ожирении способствует системному слабовыраженному воспалению, ослабляя легочный иммунный ответ и способствуя гиперреактивности дыхательных путей [22]. Потенциальной мишенью этих адипокинов могут быть цитокины, особенно IL-6, вредное провоспалительное действие которого влияет как на жировую, так и на легочную ткань при ожирении.…”

Section: роль Il-6 в развитии воспаления при хобл и ожиренииunclassified

“…Перекрестные взаимодействия между дисфункциональной жировой тканью и респираторным эпителием в легких. Инсулинорезистентность, гипертрофия адипоцитов и гипоксия изменяют секрецию адипокинов дисфункциональной жировой ткани, способствуя активации воспалительных процессов[22].…”

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The role of cytokines in the development of systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obesity

et al. 2023

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Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterized by a variety of comorbid conditions, including both somatic (arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, bronchial asthma, malignant neoplasms, diabetes mellitus, obesity, etc.) and mental (depressive disorders, suicide attempts). Against the background of various chronic diseases of the respiratory system, endocrine, metabolic disorders, the risks of exacerbations of COPD increase.The leading unifying mechanism of these conditions is systemic subclinical inflammation. Its excessive activity leads to the loss of the physiological functions of inflammation, which is accompanied by an imbalance in the endocrine system and the release of high concentrations of hormones and neurotransmitters. The result of this response is the uncoupling of cytokine mechanisms, which leads to an imbalance in the system of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.The article describes the role of the pro-inflammatory chemokine IL-8 (interleukin 8), which is responsible for the migration of neutrophils to the site of inflammation. This is how the neutrophilic type of inflammation is formed. IL-4 and IL-10 are considered, which occupy a leading position in the formation of CD4+ type of immunoreactivity, which is observed in bronchial asthma. Attention is focused on the significance of IL-6, because it is an integral component of local and systemic inflammation. An increase in its concentration and, as a result, a potential risk of damage to the respiratory epithelium is the remodeling of the bronchial tree, resulting in a decrease in the elasticity of the epithelium of the respiratory tract. This mechanism leads to the formation of pulmonary emphysema and further potentiation of pathophysiological processes in patients with COPD.Since IL-6 is a cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties, its molecular activity is achieved by interacting with a special receptor complex consisting of two subunits: IL-6R and gp130. The former mediates IL-6 binding, while the latter triggers the JAK/STAT or MAPK signaling cascade pathways. The result of the reaction of IL-6 with the effector cell directly depends on the type of signaling.The paper describes three mechanisms of signal transduction into the target cell: classical, cluster, and transsignaling.Thus, by studying the role of cytokines in the systemic inflammatory response, we have shown the cross-talk between adipose tissue and the lungs in obesity, highlighting the main inflammatory mediators, which may indicate new therapeutic targets for preventing pulmonary dysfunction.

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Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Pulmonary Dysfunction in Obesity

Cited by 43 publications

References 173 publications

Establishment and Application of the BRP Prognosis Model for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Establishment and Application of the BRP Prognosis Model for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Obesity as a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: Epidemiology and Potential Mechanisms

The role of cytokines in the development of systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obesity

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