Obesity as a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: Epidemiology and Potential Mechanisms

Aburto, Scarleth; Cisterna, Mischka; Acuña, Javiera; Ruíz, Camila; Viscardi, Sharon; Márquez, José Luis; Villano, Ines; Letelier, Pablo; Guzmán, Neftalí

doi:10.3390/healthcare10101838

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…It has been reported that patients with obesity are more frequently hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 [23]. Additionally, obesity is a risk factor, regardless of other comorbidities, for the development of severe conditions and mortality in patients with COVID-19 [8]. Our results highlight that 8.4% of patients with obesity present chronic respiratory disease, and 4.5% of patients without obesity present this pathology (p = 0.001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…The virus spread aggressively and quickly, infecting millions of people worldwide, and generating high mortality and morbidity [6]. In diseased patients, SARS-CoV-2 mostly infects the type II pneumocytes in lungs, but also infects proximal tubule epithelial cells in the kidney in severe cases; such cells express its receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), facilitating viral entry [7][8][9]. Infection leads to the downregulation of ACE2, which impacts the function of angiotensin II (Ang II) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in a variety of tissues, including lung, heart, vasculature, and kidney, and may enable the progression of COVID-19 from mild and moderate to more severe disease [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity Is Associated with Changes in Laboratory Biomarkers in Chilean Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Viscardi

Marileo

Delgado

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background and aims: It is reported that patients with obesity are more frequently hospitalized for COVID-19, and evidence exists that obesity is a risk factor, regardless of other comorbidities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of obesity with changes in laboratory biomarkers in hospitalized Chilean patients. Materials and methods: A total of 202 hospitalized patients (71 with obesity and 131 without obesity) with a diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory (days 1, 3, 7, 15) data were obtained. We performed a statistical analysis, assuming significance with a value of p < 0.05. Results: Significant differences in chronic respiratory pathology are observed between patients with and without obesity. The inflammatory markers CPR, ferritin, NLR, and PLR are elevated during the evaluated period, while changes in leukocyte populations are present on day 1 (eosinophils) and day 3 (lymphocytes). Finally, a persistent elevation of D-dimer level is observed, presenting significant differences on day 7 between patients with and without obesity. Obesity had a positive correlation with admission to the critical patient unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and length of hospital stay. Conclusion: Patients with obesity hospitalized for COVID-19 present marked elevations of inflammatory and hemostasis parameters, with a correlation between obesity, changes in laboratory biomarkers, and the risk of adverse clinical outcomes also observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity Is Associated with Changes in Laboratory Biomarkers in Chilean Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Viscardi

Marileo

Delgado

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…It is uncertain whether the raised seroprevalence in these groups represents a greater risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, obese individuals are known to experience more severe COVID-19 symptoms [62, 63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Survey in a university community after the fourth wave of COVID-19 in Senegal

Thiam,

Diouara,

Ndiaye

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the true extent of COVID-19 exposure among students and staff of Polytechnic High School (PHS). Random cluster sampling was carried out between May 19 and August 18, 2022, after the fourth wave of COVID-19 transmission. IgM and IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were screened using WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 ELISA assays. Seroprevalence and descriptive statistics were calculated. Moreover, the associations between seropositivity and different factors (age, gender, preventive, etc.) were determined using logistic regression. A total of 637 participants were recruited, including 563 students, followed by 52 TAS officers, and 22 professors. The median age among was 21 years [18 - 63]. 62.0% of the participants were female, and 36.89% were male, with a male-to-female ratio = 0.59. The overall IgG and IgM seroprevalence were 92% and 6.91% respectively. We found a higher IgM seroprevalence in men than women (9.4% vs. 5.6%) and a lower IgM seroprevalence in (18-25) age group compared to (55-65) years. Low compliance with preventive measures was found with a significant IgM seroprevalence depending on non-respect of social distancing (p = 0.008). IgM seropositivity was associated with Body Mass Indice (BMI) categorized (O.R. 0.238, p = 0.043), ethnic group (O.R. 0.723, p = 0.046) and marital status (O.R. 2.399, p = 0.021). Moreover, IgG seropositivity was associated with vaccination status (O.R. 4.741, p < 0.001). Our study revealed that the majority of students and staff have already been exposed to SARS-CoV-2, which confirms the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in PHS at the time of the survey. Our results underline the importance of seroepidemiological surveys to estimate the real impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in a community and to monitor disparities in antibody response in the population.

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“…This was in disagreement with the observation of the recent Khan et al ( 22 ) study which showed a significant decrease of serum CRP levels after adjunction of Vitamin D/quercetin/curcumin combination. It would also be interesting to investigate the combinatorial effect of vitamin D3, curcumin and quercetin on overweight and obese subject who are especially at risk of a severe outcome when suffering from COVID-19 ( 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NASAFYTOL® supplementation in adults hospitalized with COVID-19 infection: results from an exploratory open-label randomized controlled trial

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesThe effect and safety of Nasafytol®, a food supplement combining curcumin, quercetin, and Vitamin D, on hospitalized COVID-19-positive patients as support to standard of care were to be assessed.MethodsThis exploratory, open-label, randomized, controlled trial was carried out among hospitalized adults with COVID-19 infection. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Nasafytol® or Fultium® control. The improvement of the clinical condition and occurrence of (serious) adverse events were evaluated. The study was registered on clincaltrials.gov with the identifier NCT04844658.ResultsTwenty-five patients received Nasafytol®, and 24 received Fultium®. Demographic characteristics were well balanced between the groups. On day 14 (or at hospital leave if < 14 days), no difference was observed between groups regarding their clinical condition, fever, or the need of oxygen therapy. At day 7, however, 19 participants had been discharged from the hospital in the Nasafytol® arm compared to 10 participants in the Fultium® arm. No participants were transferred to the ICU or died in the Nasafytol® arm, vs. 4 transfers and 1 death in the Fultium® arm. The clinical condition of participants in the Nasafytol® arm had improved, as evidenced by a decrease in the COVID-19 WHO score. Interestingly, five SAEs occurred with Fultium®, while no SAE was observed with Nasafytol®.ConclusionSupplementation with Nasafytol®, in addition to standard-of-care treatment, led to a faster discharge from the hospital, improved clinical conditions of participants, and a reduced risk of serious outcomes, including transfer to the intensive care unit or death, in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

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Obesity as a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: Epidemiology and Potential Mechanisms

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Obesity Is Associated with Changes in Laboratory Biomarkers in Chilean Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Obesity Is Associated with Changes in Laboratory Biomarkers in Chilean Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Serological Survey in a university community after the fourth wave of COVID-19 in Senegal

NASAFYTOL® supplementation in adults hospitalized with COVID-19 infection: results from an exploratory open-label randomized controlled trial

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