Adiposity, Fat Distribution, and Cardiovascular Risk

Peiris, Alan N.; Sothmann, Mark S.; Hoffmann, Raymond G.; Hennes, Magda I.; Wilson, Charles R.; Gustafson, A.; Kissebah, Ahmed H.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-110-11-867

Cited by 407 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, in the multiple logistic regression model, the association between intra-abdominal fat and coronary heart disease was no longer significant possibly due to the strong association of intra-abdominal fat with both fasting C-peptide and triglyceride. A recent study confirms the significant association of the intra-abdominal fat area determined by computed tomography with both insulin and triglyceride in a healthy population [32]. In another study intra-abdominal fat area determined by computed tomography was correlated to various plasma lipoprotein levels independent of body mass index [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Moreover, the association of obesity with coronary heart disease appears to be mediated by other risk factors [13]. Several studies have suggested that site specific body fat measurements may be a better predictor of CHD than overall obesity or adiposity [13,[31][32][33]. In particular, measurements of upper body or central fat, such as subscapular skinfold thickness, the ratio of various skinfold thicknesses, and the waist to hip circumference ratio, have been reported as being significantly associated with coronary heart disease independent of body mass index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another measure of central obesity is the intra-abdominal fat area determined by computed tomography, a variable previously shown to be associated with glucose intolerance [32,34]. In the present study, intra-abdominal fat area was the only adiposity and site-specific fat variable to remain significantly associated with coronary heart disease in two way analysis of variance with glucose intolerance as the other grouping variable, suggesting that the association of intra-abdominal fat area and heart disease was independent of glucose intolerance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of plasma triglyceride and C-peptide with coronary heart disease in Japanese-American men with a high prevalence of glucose intolerance

et al. 1990

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Summary. In a community-based study of second-generation Japanese-American men known to have a high prevalence of both Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, there was a highly significant association of coronary heart disease with glucose intolerance in a study sample of 219 men. Intra-abdominal cross sectional fat area determined by computed tomography was significantly elevated in men with coronary heart disease even after adjustment for glucose intolerance and body mass index (p = 0.026). Other differences that were significantly related to coronary heart disease after adjustment for glucose intolerance were lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (p = 0.001), elevated total triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein triglyceride (p < 0.001), and elevated fasting insulin and C-peptide levels p = 0.001. When these variables were tested in a stepwise multiple logistic regression model, significant independent associations with coronary heart disease were found only for total triglyceride and fasting C-peptide after adjustment for glucose tolerance status. Variables identified to be associated with coronary heart disease were interpreted as representing or manifesting an insulin resistant state. Thus, insulin resistance may be the underlying risk factor aetiologically linking glucose intolerance with coronary heart disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of plasma triglyceride and C-peptide with coronary heart disease in Japanese-American men with a high prevalence of glucose intolerance

et al. 1990

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“…7 Body mass index (BMI), ie the ratio between body weight and the square of body height, is the commonly used continuous variable to assess bodily mass in epidemiological studies, since it corrects for height. 8,9 Overweight is defined by a BMI equal to or higher than 25 kg/m 2 .…”

Section: Body Weight Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and obesity

Díaz

2002

J Hum Hypertens

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Obesity, as defined by bodily weight (body weight) and by bodily conformation-derived variables, accompanies hypertension in many patients. Both conditions are independent cardiovascular risk factors. In a formal survey carried out in the adult general population of Uruguay (LATIR Study, 575 adult and elderly subjects of whom 41.6% were males), we found the prevalence of hypertension to be 28.5% (95% CI: 24.9-32.4%) and that 74.4% of hypertensive individuals had a body mass index (BMI) higher than 25 kg/m 2 (95% CI: 67.0-80.8%). This association between obesity and hypertension forms part of a broader relationship between body weight and blood pressure (BP). In the general population, BP bears a positive linear correlation with BMI and waist-to-hip ratio over the continuous ranges of normal and unfavourable values of these three variables (r = 0.42, P Ͻ 0.001 for the correlation between BMI and mean BP, LATIR Study). Patients who present hyperten-

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“…[1][2][3] In patients with essential hypertension, insulin resistance may be exacerbated by antihypertensive drug therapy, mainly when diuretics and beta-blocking agents are involved. [4][5][6][7][8] Resistance to insulin is also a predictor of cardiovascular complications, particularly for the coronary circulation. 1,5,6,9,10 The ratio between ankle on brachial systolic blood pressure (ABI) is a well established index allowing bution, but also with the usual biological features of resistance to insulin: plasma triglycerides and cholesterol; plasma glucose and insulin; and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) antigen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma insulin, plasminogen activator inhibitor, and ankle-brachial systolic blood pressure ratio in overweight hypertensive subjects

et al. 1999

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Background: In hypertensive subjects, the ratio between ankle and brachial systolic blood pressure (ABI) has been shown to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, particularly in the elderly. Plasma insulin may be an important interconnecting factor explaining this observation. Purpose: In a population of middle-aged subjects with essential hypertension and moderate overweight, we identified whether the decrease in the ABI ratio was associated with the clinical and biochemical factors involved in resistance to insulin. Patients with diabetes and/or arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower limbs were excluded from the population. Subjects were or were not on antihypertensive therapy. Result: On the basis of univariate correlations, the ABI ratio was found to be significantly and negatively associated not only with the degree of abdominal fat distri-

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Adiposity, Fat Distribution, and Cardiovascular Risk

Abstract: Intra-abdominal fat deposition constitutes a greater cardiovascular risk than obesity alone. Hyperinsulinemia may constitute an important component of the increased cardiovascular risk of abdominal obesity.

Cited by 407 publications

References 36 publications

Association of plasma triglyceride and C-peptide with coronary heart disease in Japanese-American men with a high prevalence of glucose intolerance

Association of plasma triglyceride and C-peptide with coronary heart disease in Japanese-American men with a high prevalence of glucose intolerance

Hypertension and obesity

Plasma insulin, plasminogen activator inhibitor, and ankle-brachial systolic blood pressure ratio in overweight hypertensive subjects

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