Adjusting mobility scales of ion mobility spectrometers using 2,6-DtBP as a reference compound

Viitanen, Anna-Kaisa; Mauriala, Timo; Mattila, Terhi; Adamov, Alexey; Pedersen, Christian; Mäkelä, Jyrki M.; Marjamäki, Marko; Сысоев, А. А.; Keskinen, Jorma; Kotiaho, Tapio

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2008.05.030

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The K o was in excellent agreement with literature values for the reduced ion mobility of DtBP [6,18], confirming that our IMS was functioning properly.…”

Section: Laboratory Experimentssupporting

confidence: 90%

An ion mobility spectrometer sensor system for subsurface use

Morgos

Geroy

Sevier

et al. 2009

Int. J. Ion Mobil. Spec.

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An ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) probe system for real-time, subsurface soil-gas sampling applications is presented. The system includes an IMS and supporting electronics encased in a 51 mm diameter stainless steel probe housing. The IMS was challenged in the laboratory with 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine (DtBP) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in zero air yielding reduced ion mobility constants (K o ) values of 1.42 cm 2 /Vs (n=3) and 1.79±0.01 cm 2 /Vs (n=3), respectively. A resolving power of 38 and 31 was obtained for DtBP and PCE, respectively. The system was deployed at a PCE-contaminated site to demonstrate its performance under field conditions. PCE was detected in the vapor samples as evidenced by peaks with a K o value of 1.80± 0.01 cm 2 /Vs for two measurements that were taken 6 min apart. The presence of PCE at the contaminated site was confirmed by GC-MS analysis of a gas sample at an EPAcertified laboratory, suggesting that this IMS system can be used to detect PCE under field conditions.

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“…The K o was in excellent agreement with literature values for the reduced ion mobility of DtBP [6,18], confirming that our IMS was functioning properly.…”

Section: Laboratory Experimentssupporting

confidence: 90%

An ion mobility spectrometer sensor system for subsurface use

Morgos

Geroy

Sevier

et al. 2009

Int. J. Ion Mobil. Spec.

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“…The potential of employing DtBP as a reference compound was further investigated by Viitanen et al [30,31]. In this study, the effective drift tube lengths of ion mobility spectrometers were determined using 2,6-DtBP, to enable inter-comparison between IMS devices by adjustment of mobility scales.…”

Section: (Taken From Eicemanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical standards for ion mobility spectrometry: a review

Kaur-Atwal

O’Connor

Aksenov

et al. 2009

Int. J. Ion Mobil. Spec.

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Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), using standalone instrumentation and hyphenated with mass spectrometry (IM-MS), has recently undergone significant expansion in the numbers of users and applications, particularly in sectors outside its established user base; predominantly military and security applications. Although several IMS reference standards have been proposed, there are no currently universally recognised reference standards for the calibration and evaluation of mobility spectrometers. This review describes current practices and the literature on chemical standards for validating IMS systems in positive and negative ion modes. The key qualities and requirements an 'ideal' reference standard must possess are defined, together with the instrumental and environmental factors such as temperature, electric field, humidity and drift gas composition that may need to be considered. Important challenges that have yet to be resolved are also identified and proposals for future development presented.

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“…To minimize the influence of external factors such as temperature, pressure, and electrical field an internal standard [2,6-di-tert-butyl pyridine (2,6-DtBP)] [14,15] was typically added to the sample mixtures and reduced mobilities of acetates and 2,6-DtBP were normalized to give a reduced mobility of 2,6-DtBP of 1.42 cm 2 /(V·s) [14] according to eq 1:…”

Section: Experimental Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of proton-bound acetate dimers in ion mobility spectrometry

Pedersen

Lauritsen

Сысоев

et al. 2008

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Ionized acetates were used as model compounds to describe gas-phase behavior of oxygen containing compounds with respect to their formation of dimers in ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). The ions were created using corona discharge at atmospheric pressure and separated in a drift tube before analysis of the ions by mass spectrometry. At the ambient operational temperature and pressure used in our instrument, all acetates studied formed dimers. Using a homolog series of n-alkyl-acetates, we found that the collision cross section of a dimer was smaller than that of a monomer with the same reduced mass. Our experiments also showed that the reduced mobility of acetate dimers with different functional groups increased in the order n-alkyl :=:; branched chain alkyl zs cyclo alkyl < aromat. For mixed n-alkyl dimers we found that the reduced mobility of acetate dimers having the same number of carbons, for example a dimer of acetyl acetate and hexyl acetate has the same reduced mobility as a dimer composed of two butyl acetates. The fundamental behavior of acetate monomers and dimers described in this paper will assist in a better understanding of the influence of dimer formation in ion mobility spectrometry. on mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a versatile technique that has found widespread application in many areas, such as military and civil security applications, where it has been used to detect chemical warfare agents, explosives, and drugs [1-4]. The major advantages of IMS instruments are their small size, low power consumption, and capability to operate at atmospheric pressure, which makes them highly suited for real time analysis in the field [I, 5]. However, IMS spectra are sensitive toward changes in analytical conditions such as humidity, pressure, temperature, and matrix [6]. This feature makes it difficult to use the instrument for analysis of more than a limited number of prespecified compounds at a time, and reagent gases are often used to simplify the spectra either by suppressing certain ions [7,8] or by selective dimer formation [9].The creation of an IMS spectrum involves gas-phase ionization followed by a separation of the ions based on their mobility in an electrical field at pressures between -10 2 and 10 5 Pa. As a result of the ionization at atmospheric or near atmospheric pressure the ionized sample molecules may undergo several different transAddress reprint requests to Mr. C. S. Pedersen, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: csp@kemLku.dk formations such as fragmentation, rearrangement, and cluster formation. In particular molecules containing functional oxygen or nitrogen, atoms tend to make clusters with water molecules or other molecules with similar hydrogen bonding capabilities. Since the separation of ions in an IMS experiment depends upon both charge and size, cluster formation has a large influence upon the observed spectra and mobilities. The formation of clusters can be advantageous. For example, a problem with i...

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Adjusting mobility scales of ion mobility spectrometers using 2,6-DtBP as a reference compound

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

An ion mobility spectrometer sensor system for subsurface use

An ion mobility spectrometer sensor system for subsurface use

Chemical standards for ion mobility spectrometry: a review

Characterization of proton-bound acetate dimers in ion mobility spectrometry

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