Adjuvant-free cellulose nanofiber vaccine induces permanent humoral immune response in mouse

Abstract

Vaccines have become one of the most effective strategies to deal with various infectious diseases and chronic noninfectious diseases, such as SARS virus, Novel Coronavirus, cancer, etc. However, recent studies have found that the neutralizing antibody titers induced by vaccines would drop to half level or even lower after vaccination. In this study, we designed a novel small-sized positively charged nanofiber-1 (PEI-CNF-1) as a vaccine carrier, which can induce a high long-term humoral immune response by controlled release of antigen. Further studies showed that PEI-CNF-1 could significantly induce the release of immune response factor IL-1 and bone marrow-derived cell (BMDC) maturation. Moreover, compare to other cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), PEI-CNF-1 combined antigen (ovalbumin, OVA) induced and maintained the highest and longest antibody titers after vaccination. Interestingly, the antibody titers have no significant difference between at 21 days and 90 days. Mechanically, we found that PEI-NCF-1 not only could control the slow-release of antigen, but also could be more easily swallowed by macrophages and metabolized by the bodies, thus presenting antigen more effectively. In conclusion, we believe that PEI-CNF-1 have a very high application prospect in inducing long-term humoral immune response, so as to achieve efficient prevention effect to epidemic viruses.

Engineering microbial fermentation-based delivery carriers capable of controlling drug release for inflammatory bowel disease therapy

“…Furthermore, it is also known that the surface of these polysaccharides possesses a great deal of functional hydroxyl groups and is modi ed more frequently after functioned with EDC and NHS coupling reagents [42], so that NDFs become more accessible to the drug. Fortunately, the infrared spectroscopy image (Figure S1A) showed the characteristic peak of C = O at 1597 cm − 1 , indicating the successful carboxylation modi cation of NDFs according to our previous reports [41]. It enabled the binding of IL-1β antibodies and BSA/5-ASA on the surface of NDFs by an amide bond.…”

“…NDFs were extracted and prepared from wholegrains according to a modi ed synthetic procedure [41]. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was performed to characterize their sizes and morphologies, which suggested NDFs with lengths of 100 ~ 500 nm, 500 ~ 1000 nm, and 1000 ~ 2000 nm, denoted NDF-1, NDF-2, and NDF-3, respectively (Fig.…”

Designing a microbial fermentation-functionalized alginate microsphere for targeted release of 5-ASA using nano dietary fiber carrier for inflammatory bowel disease treatment

“…NDFs were extracted and prepared from wholegrains according to a modified synthetic procedure [ 41 ]. AFM was performed to characterize their sizes and morphologies, which suggested NDFs with lengths of 100–500 nm, 500–1000 nm, and 1000–2000 nm, denoted NDF-1, NDF-2, and NDF-3, respectively (Fig.…”

Electrohydrodynamic printing of submicron-microscale hybrid scaffolds with improved cellular adhesion and proliferation behaviors

“…To overcome this issue, high-resolution mechanical system or EHD ejecting mechanism should be developed in future research. The next-step efforts might also focus on the incorporation of extensive bionanomaterials into the printed fibers, which may further promote the biological functions of artificial scaffold for specific applications [38][39][40].…”