Adjuvant treatment in advanced melanoma: How far have we come?

Nikolaou, Vasiliki; Stratigos, Alexander J.

doi:10.1111/jdv.19010

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In addition, Schumann K and colleagues have shown the effectiveness of other adjuvant therapies, such as nivolumab and the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib (D + T), in a broader range of patients than is typically included in clinical trials [ 101 ]. This suggests the applicability of clinical trial results to everyday clinical practice and highlights the importance of evaluating these therapies in diverse patient groups.…”

Section: Molecular Therapeutic Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ongoing clinical trials in the UK and the US are investigating the relationship between gut microbiota and melanoma treatment outcomes, focusing on immunotherapy efficacy and side effects [ 97 , 98 , 99 ]. Additionally, the field of molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) integrates various disciplines to understand tumor–environment–host interactions, offering insights into melanoma pathogenesis and treatment [ 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 ]. Challenges such as validating molecular assays and sample size limitations persist [ 103 ].…”

Section: Molecular Therapeutic Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Frontiers in Melanoma: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Advances

Kim,

Kim

2024

IJMS

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Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, is characterized by rapid progression and high mortality. Recent advances in molecular pathogenesis have shed light on genetic and epigenetic changes that drive melanoma development. This review provides an overview of these developments, focusing on molecular mechanisms in melanoma genesis. It highlights how mutations, particularly in the BRAF, NRAS, c-KIT, and GNAQ/GNA11 genes, affect critical signaling pathways. The evolution of diagnostic techniques, such as genomics, transcriptomics, liquid biopsies, and molecular biomarkers for early detection and prognosis, is also discussed. The therapeutic landscape has transformed with targeted therapies and immunotherapies, improving patient outcomes. This paper examines the efficacy, challenges, and prospects of these treatments, including recent clinical trials and emerging strategies. The potential of novel treatment strategies, including neoantigen vaccines, adoptive cell transfer, microbiome interactions, and nanoparticle-based combination therapy, is explored. These advances emphasize the challenges of therapy resistance and the importance of personalized medicine. This review underlines the necessity for evidence-based therapy selection in managing the increasing global incidence of melanoma.

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Section: Molecular Therapeutic Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Therapeutic Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Frontiers in Melanoma: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Advances

Kim,

Kim

2024

IJMS

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Final Results for Adjuvant Dabrafenib plus Trametinib in Stage III Melanoma

Long,

Hauschild,

Santinami

et al. 2024

N Engl J Med

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Exploring the Surface: Sampling of Potential Skin Cancer Biomarkers Kynurenine and Tryptophan, Studied on 3D Melanocyte and Melanoma Models

Hasterok,

Jankovskaja,

Miletic Dahlström

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Early detection of cancer via biomarkers is vital for improving patient survival rates. In the case of skin cancers, low-molecular-weight biomarkers can penetrate the skin barrier, enabling non-invasive sampling at an early stage. This study focuses on detecting tryptophan (Trp) and kynurenine (Kyn) on the surface of reconstructed 3D melanoma and melanocyte models. This is examined in connection with IDO-1 and IL-6 expression in response to IFN-γ or UVB stimulation, both crucial factors of the melanoma tumor microenvironment (TME). Using a polystyrene scaffold, full-thickness human skin equivalents containing fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and melanocytes or melanoma cells were developed. The samples were stimulated with IFN-γ or UVB, and Trp and Kyn secretion was measured using HPLC-PDA and HPLC-MS. The expression of IDO-1 and IL-6 was measured using RT-qPCR. Increased Trp catabolism to Kyn was observed in IFN-γ-stimulated melanoma and melanocyte models, along with higher IDO-1 expression. UVB exposure led to significant changes in Kyn levels but only in the melanoma model. This study demonstrates the potential of skin surface Trp and Kyn monitoring to capture TME metabolic changes. It also lays the groundwork for future in vivo studies, aiding in understanding and monitoring skin cancer progression.

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Adjuvant treatment in advanced melanoma: How far have we come?

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Molecular Frontiers in Melanoma: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Advances

Molecular Frontiers in Melanoma: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Advances

Final Results for Adjuvant Dabrafenib plus Trametinib in Stage III Melanoma

Exploring the Surface: Sampling of Potential Skin Cancer Biomarkers Kynurenine and Tryptophan, Studied on 3D Melanocyte and Melanoma Models

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