This study explores the application of alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) in dynamic unit load energy distribution of smart grid. Firstly, the dynamic unit load energy distribution is transformed into a convex optimization based on the second-order continuous differentiable convex function. Then, a binary algorithm of distributed algorithm is constructed based on the ADMM, and energy storage devices are added to the grid nodes. Finally, Lagrange relaxation method (S1) and collaborative distributed algorithm (S2) are introduced for simulation. The results show that the original residuals and dual residuals of the proposed algorithm, S1 and S2, converge after 20, 35, and 30 iterations, respectively. The total output power of generator sets and energy storage device of the algorithm in the study is always slightly higher than the total load demand, whereas S1 and S2 are the opposite. The total spinning reserve of generator sets and energy storage device of the proposed algorithm is always slightly higher than the total spinning reserve demand, and the energy storage device provides 50.40% spinning reserve at the peak of nonload. However, the energy storage devices of S1 and S2 algorithms provide 23.77% and 18.58% spinning reserve at the peak of non-load, respectively. In conclusion, the distributed binary algorithm based on ADMM has good convergence. After 20 iterations, the original and dual residuals can converge to near 0, which can rationalize the energy scheduling of smart grid. The energy storage device provides 50.40% of the alternate reserve at the peak of non-load, which realizes the energy reselling and spinning reserve across time periods, and can increase the operation stability of the generator set.
K E Y W O R D Salternating direction method of multipliers, dynamic unit load energy distribution, second-order continuous differentiable convex function, smart grids, total output power