Adolescent and adult mice display differential sensitivity to the effects of bupropion on the acquisition of a water maze task

Gómez, Camila Ortiz; Carrasco, Claudia; Redolat, Rosa

doi:10.1016/j.pharep.2016.10.008

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Record the scores for each performance as follows: 0 = balances with steady posture; 1 = grasps the side of the beam; 2 = hugs beam and 1 limb fall off beam; 3 = hugs beam and two limbs fall off beam; 4 = attempts to balance on beam but falls off; and 5 = falls off, no attempt to balance. The score is proportional to the severity of balance impairment ( 29 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Hit White Matter Injury-Induced Cerebral Palsy Model Established by Perinatal Lipopolysaccharide Injection

et al. 2022

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Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent, but not unchanging, disorders of movement and/or posture and motor function. Since the major brain injury associated with CP is white matter injury (WMI), especially, in preterm infants, we established a “multi-hit” rat model to mimic human WMI in symptomatology and at a histological level. In our WMI model, pups suffering from limb paresis, incoordination, and direction difficulties fit the performance of CP. Histologically, they present with fewer neural cells, inordinate fibers, and more inflammatory cell infiltration, compared to the control group. From the electron microscopy results, we spotted neuronal apoptosis, glial activation, and myelination delay. Besides, the abundant appearance of IBA1-labeled microglia also implied that microglia play a role during neuronal cell injury. After activation, microglia shift between the pro-inflammatory M1 type and the anti-inflammatory M2 type. The results showed that LPS/infection stimulated IBA1 + (marked activated microglia) expression, downregulated CD11c + (marked M1 phenotype), and upregulated Arg 1 + (marked M2 phenotype) protein expression. It indicated an M1 to M2 transition after multiple infections. In summary, we established a “multi-hit” WMI-induced CP rat model and demonstrated that the microglial activation correlates tightly with CP formation, which may become a potential target for future studies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%