Adoption of Promising Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.) Genotypes for Yield and Quality Characteristics in the Semiarid Climate of Turkey

Abstract

This study was conducted for two seasons from 2018 to 2020 to determine fenugreek genotypes yield and quality characteristics under semiarid climatic conditions. Fenugreek genotypes viz., Adana, Afghanistan, Gaziantep, Iraq, Kahramanmaraş, Kayseri, Mardin, Şanlıurfa with varieties of Berkem and Gürarslan were used as plant material in the research. Field trials were conducted with four replications according to the randomized complete block design. The results revealed that the time to emergence varied from 16.0 to 19.9 days, 50% flowering from 160.9 to 170.4 days, and the vegetation period from 202.0 to 209.3 days. According to the results of two years of research, plant height varied from 64.60 to 78.70 cm, first pod height from 25.26 to 41.76 cm, pod width from 2.91 to 3.29 mm, pod length from 10.07 to 12.60 cm, number of pods per plant from 12.00 to 18.73, number of seeds per pod from 12.55 to 15.55, biological yield from 5.12 to 7.62 t/ha−1, seed yield from 0.91 to 1.38 t/ha−1, harvest index from 17.91 to 24.35%, thousand-seed weight from 13.87 to 17.45 g, fatty oil content from 5.18 to 9.16%, fatty oil yield from 49.3 to 111.6 kg ha−1, and the trigonelline ratio varied from 0.71 to 1.32%. Statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were observed for the pod width, while highly significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) were observed for all other parameters. According to the research results, Mardin, Kayseri, and Adana genotypes were statistically in the same group with Berkem cultivar in terms of seed yield. A higher fatty oil content was obtained in the Afghanistan genotype (9.16%) than in the Berkem cultivar (8.11%). Gaziantep, Mardin, Şanlıurfa, and Kayseri genotypes contained higher trigonellin than the Berkem and Gürarslan varieties. The obtained information was the result of the Mardin, Kayseri, Adana, Gaziantep, and Afghanistan genotypes that can be used in breeding studies.

Comparison of Twenty Selected Fenugreek Genotypes Grown under Irrigated and Dryland Conditions: Morphology, Yield, Quality Properties and Antioxidant Activities

“…The results of the current study were similar to [37] and [51]. However, differences in fenugreek fixed oil content between this study and [39] and [52] could be due to different environmental conditions, genetic variability, and growth conditions. This is because it has been reported that water stress changes seed composition and related qualities and decreases the fixed oil content of plants [53,54].…”

“…Our fixed oil content results were found to be higher under irrigated conditions (6.58-9.29%) and under dryland conditions (5.27-8.42%) than those of [39], who found that the fixed oil content of fenugreek ranged from 2.26 to 4.93% under different sowing times. Similarly, it was found that the fixed oil content ranged from 4.75 to 5.54% [51] and from 5.18 to 9.16% [52]. By contrast, it was noted that the fixed oil content of different fenugreek genotypes ranged from 2.17 to 15.52% [37] and that fenugreek fixed oil content ranged from 4.32% to 11.62% in fenugreek seeds [7].…”

Height to first pod: A review of genetic and breeding approaches to improve combine harvesting in legume crops

“…For example, it was reported that HFP was higher in cowpea plants grown under higher rainfall compared to dry seasons (Basaran et al, 2011). In contrast, sowing seeds in winter can cause over-watering, and in such conditions, HFP and PH were reported to be significantly reduced in lentil and fenugreek plants compared to more favourable seasons (Ahmad et al, 2021;Güzel and Özyazıcı, 2021). We can hypothesise that earlier events with stresses in plant growth can have a stronger reduction of HFP, whereas the later occurrence of stresses can have a lesser impact, since HFP is a trait of the bottom part of the stem which develops earlier.…”