Adoptive Immunotherapy in Postoperative Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

BackgroundAdoptive immunotherapy (AI) has been applied in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, but the value of postoperative AI has been inconclusive largely as a result of the small number of patients included in each study. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to address this issue for patients with postoperative NSCLC.MethodsPubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing adoptive immunotherapy with control therapies in postoperative NSCLC patients. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Hazard ratio (HR) was estimated and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a fixed-effect model.ResultsCompared with control therapies, analyses of 4 randomized controlled trials (472 patients) showed a significant benefit of adoptive immunotherapy on survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.61, 95% CI 0.45–0.84, p = 0.002), and a 39% reduction in the relative risk of death (no evidence of a difference between trials; p = 0.16, I² = 42%). In subgroup analyses by treatment cycles and treatment regimen, significant OS benefit was found in combination therapy of AI with chemotherapy, regardless of whether or not the treatment cycles were more than 10 cycles.ConclusionAdoptive immunotherapy has the potential to improve overall survival in postoperative NSCLC. The findings suggest this is a valid treatment option for these patients. Further randomized clinical trials are urgently needed.

Adoptive immunotherapy shows encouraging benefit on non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Zeng [ 36 ] included 4 RCTs in their small meta-analysis on the OS and adverse effects of AIT in NSCLC patients; in contrast, we included 15 high-quality studies in our meta-analysis, reported a more useful prognostic outcome, and provided a comprehensive and detailed description of the potential underlying AIT mechanism.…”

Gold nanorods-mediated efficient synergistic immunotherapy for detection and inhibition of postoperative tumor recurrence

“…Therefore, cancer therapy after surgery is also important, except for detection 17 . Postoperative consolidative therapy, including adjuvant molecular chemotherapy 18 and immunotherapy 19 , 20 , is necessary for cancer patients. At present, immunotherapy 21 , 22 has become an increasingly appealing therapeutic strategy, which can not only solidify the curative effects, but also inhibit the occurrence of recurrence.…”