Adsorpsi Senyawa Fosfat Total (PO4) dalam Air Buangan Laundry dengan Zeolit Termodifikasi

Abstract

Permasalahan kerusakan lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh limbah yang dihasilkan oleh industri laundry adalah buangan cair yang mengandung senyawa fosfat. Kelebihan fosfat dalam air menyebabkan eutrofikasi. Wiranas adalah salah satu penyedia jasa laundry di kota Malang dan berdasar hasil uji laboratorium, air buangannya mengandung fosfat total sebesar 1,011 mg/L, dimana melebihi dari baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan dalam PP no.82 tahun 2001. Salah satu teknik yang dapat mengurangi kadar fosfat dalam air yaitu adsorpsi dengan zeolit. Zeolit alam memiliki beberapa kelemahan sehingga perlu dimodifikasi. Modifikasi zeolit pada penelitian ini menggunakan pencucian dengan larutan asam klorida dan air suling. Pencucian ini bertujuan untuk menghilangkan ion kalsium dan klor pada permukaan zeolit yang dapat menurunkan kemampuannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kapasitas adsorpsi fosfat total dari zeolit termodifikasi, model adsorpsi dan efeknya berdasarkan variansi massa adsorben dan kecepatan pengadukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit termodifikasi mampu menjerap fosfat dengan efisiensi sebesar 47,56-71,93% dan model adsorpsinya mengikuti model Freundlich. Efek dari variansi massa adsorben dan kecepatan pengadukan tidak berpengaruh nyata berdasar uji ANOVA dengan alfa 5%. Kata Kunci : bioremediasi, Chlorella sp., kepadatan sel, krom total ABSTRACT Environmental harm problem caused by the laundry industry as a result of wastewater that produced containing phosphate. Excess phosphate contant in water body causes eutrophication. Wiranas is one of laundry service in Malang city and according to laboratory, the wastewater contain 1,011 mg/L phosphate, which is exceed standard quality of Law no.82 year 2001. One of the methods that can be applied to eliminate phosphate on the wastewater is adsorption using zeolit. Natural zeolit have some weakness to adsorp pollutan so it needs to be modified. Modification of natural zeolit in this research using acid chloride and aquades washing. This washing is for reduce calcium and chloride ions on the zeolit's surface who can decrease zeolit's potential. The aim of this research is to know the capacity of phosphate adsorption by modified zeolit, adsorption isotherm's model and its relation with the adsorbent's dose and mixing velocity. The results show that modified zeolit could adsorp phosphate with efficiency 47,56-71,93% and its adsorption isotherm conformed to Freundlich model. Effect of adsorbent's dose and mixing velocity to the adsorption of phosphate was not significantly different by ANOVA test with alpha 5%

The Use of Granular Activated Carbon and Zeolite as an Adsorbent to Reduce the Concentration of Phosphate, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Total Suspended Solid in Laundry Wastewater

“…The addition of GAC and zeolite adsorbent dosages with a contact time of 150 minutes had a greater percentage reduction in phosphate values compared to a contact time of 0 minutes (control). The decrease in phosphate value is caused by adsorption activity which is carried out mainly through the adsorption mechanism, where the process of mass transfer of a solution to the surface of the solid and the adsorption process on laundry waste is influenced by several factors including treatment during adsorption such as contact time, characteristics of the elements being adsorbed, type and amount of adsorbent (Wirosoedarmo et al, 2019). Substances adsorbed on the surface of the adsorbent come from the detergent used and organic materials found in liquid laundry waste, namely organic compounds and pathogens originating from clothing (Howard et al, 2005).…”