Adsorption Materials and Processes for Carbon Capture from Gas-Fired Power Plants: AMPGas

Abstract

The key challenge in postcombustion capture from gas-fired power plants is related to the low CO 2 concentration in the flue gas (4−8% by volume). This means that conventional amine processes will result in a relatively high energy penalty, whereas novel adsorbents and adsorption processes have the potential to improve the efficiency of separation. High-selectivity adsorbents are required to achieve relatively high CO 2 uptake at low partial pressures, which means that the separation process should be based on either very strong physisorption or chemisorption with thermal regeneration. From the process point of view, the main challenge is to develop efficient separation processes with rapid thermal cycles. In this report we present a detailed overview of the methodology behind the development of novel materials and processes as part of the "Adsorption Materials and Processes for Gas-fired power plants" (AMPGas) project. Examples from a wide variety of materials tested are presented, and the design of an innovative bench-scale 12-column rotary wheel adsorber system is discussed. The strategy to design, characterize, and test novel materials (zeolites, amine-containing MOFs, amine-based silicas, amine-based activated carbons, and carbon nanotubes), specifically designed for CO 2 capture from dilute streams is presented.

CO2adsorption on different organo-modified SBA-15 silicas: a multidisciplinary study on the effects of basic surface groups

“…The method was originally introduced to measure the intra--particle diffusion of hydrocarbons in zeolites 24 and, more recently it has been extended to the screening of the adsorption properties of novel adsorbents for CO 2 capture. 25,26 The experiment is based on following the desorption curve of a sample previously equilibrated with a known mixture at constant flow rate. For the characterization of adsorbents for post--combustion capture the feed mixture is composed by 10% CO 2 in He.…”

Comparison of amine-impregnated mesoporous carbon with microporous activated carbon and 13X zeolite for biogas purification

“…three times the length of the ZLC, housed in a 1/8″ Swagelok bulkhead connector. This allows more sample to be packed in the adsorption column to achieve a clear separation of components in a binary mixture and determine the binary adsorption selectivity [15]. The advantage of E-ZLC over a traditional breakthrough column is that a relatively small amount of sample is required (ca.…”

“…50 mg, compared to ca. 5 g for a standard column) and that the column can be considered to be isothermal, as experimentally tested and discussed previously [15]. In a typical experiment, the sample is packed in the column and regenerated at high temperature under inert gas flow.…”

“…The desorption profiles were determined for different gas flow rates and modelled using the Cysim simulator [15,16].…”

Microwave, Ultrasound, and Mechanochemistry: Unconventional Tools that Are Used to Obtain “Smart” Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation

“…Several strategies have been proposed to limit/decrease CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere: besides lowering CO 2 emissions with the help of low-C fuels (and of appropriate policies from developed countries), there is a great spur of studies and technologies aimed at optimizing several processes of CO 2 capture & storage [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and reutilization [11,12]. The first two steps, currently fairly developed, are indeed functional to CO 2 reutilization processes, which mostly need a concentrated and rather pure CO 2 stream apt to further chemical transformations.…”