Adsorption of chlorinated volatile organic compounds using activated carbon made from Jatropha curcas seeds

Hsu, Shih-Hong; Huang, Chin-Sheng; Chung, Tsair-Wang; Gao, Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.jtice.2014.05.028

Cited by 65 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…1 shows that the functional groups of activated carbon differ significantly from those of pyrolyzed char [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]. The spectrum from char at 3393 cm −1 indicated the presence of the –OH group of phenol.…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Utilization of zinc chloride for surface modification of activated carbon derived from Jatropha curcas L. for absorbent material

Pratumpong

Toommee

2016

Data in Brief

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The objective of this research is to produce the low-cost activated carbon from Jatropha curcas L. by chemical activation using zinc chloride ZnCl2. The effects of the impregnation ratio on the surface and chemical properties of activated carbon were investigated. The impregnation ratio was selected at the range of 1:1–10:1 for investigation. The optimum conditions resulted in an activated carbon with a carbon content of 80% wt, while the specific surface area evaluated using nitrogen adsorption isotherm corresponds to 600 m2/g.

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Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Utilization of zinc chloride for surface modification of activated carbon derived from Jatropha curcas L. for absorbent material

Pratumpong

Toommee

2016

Data in Brief

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“…These coefficients indicate that the Langmuir model may be used to describe CPC adsorption. Generally, a 1/n value of \1 indicates that the adsorption of adsorbate is favorable, and a value [1 indicates that nonlinear adsorption on the heterogeneous surface (Hsu et al 2014). All adsorptions fitted with the Freundlich isotherm have 1/n values \1.…”

Section: Adsorption Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For activated carbon derived from Jatropha curcas seeds, for example, adsorption capacities for chlorinated volatile hydrocarbons are affected significantly by the number of chlorine atoms and the chemical polarities of these hydrocarbons (Hsu et al 2014). To our knowledge, only a few studies on the adsorption of gaseous CPC on CNTs have been reported (Agnihotri et al 2005;Shih and Li 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of chlorine substitution on adsorption of gaseous chlorinated phenolics on multi-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in SiO2

Tulaphol

Bunsan²,

Kanchanatip

et al. 2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) embedded in SiO 2 particles were prepared through the floating-catalyst chemical vapor deposition method. The parameters reaction time and flow rate of the carbon source (CH 4 ) were studied to obtain optimum conditions for MWCNT synthesis. The obtained MWCNTs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to confirm their morphology and crystallinity. The optimum conditions were a CH 4 flow rate of 100 ml/min in a H 2 -Ar mixture at a flow rate of 500 ml/min and a reaction time of 20 min. Under these conditions, MWCNTs with average outer and inner diameters of around 50 and 10 nm, respectively, were obtained. SiO 2 particles with embedded MWCNTs were studied for their adsorption of gaseous chlorinated phenolic compounds (CPCs), with emphasis on the effect of number of chlorine substituents. The CPC compounds of 2-chlorophenol (CP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) were compared against phenol (P). Adsorption of P and CPCs on the particles fit well the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption capacities of P, CP, and DCP on SiO 2 particles with embedded MWCNTs were found to be 3.12, 13.83, and 44.25 mg/g, respectively. Desorption activation energy was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Chlorine substitution on P changed the adsorption process from physical to chemical adsorption. The particles showed high potential for use as a pre-concentration unit for solid-phase microextraction.

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“…Jatropha curcas is an inedible plant, that can grow in poor environments. It has many uses, for example, the husk [20] and seeds [21] may be employed to manufacture activated carbon. By crushing its seeds, which have high oil content (50-60%), the obtained bio-oil can be processed to produce biodiesel [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification of Jatropha Oil with Isopropanol via Ultrasonic Irradiation

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The reduction of high acid value (AV) of inedible jatropha oil (JO) by esterification with isopropanol (IPA), which is a common alcohol solvent waste in Taiwan's high-tech industry, was studied. The decrease of AV is beneficial for the subsequent transesterification to produce JO biodiesel (i.e., biodiesel of fatty acid isopropyl ester (FAIE)). Acid catalyst (H 2 SO 4 ) and a novel mixing/emulsion technique using ultrasound irradiation (UI) were applied to promote and facilitate the esterification process. The results showed that increased IPA/oil molar ratio (M IOE ) can significantly reduce the AV, kinematic viscosity (KV), density (ρ LO ), and water content (M W ) of esterified JO, while also providing the benefit of enhancing the yield (Y F ) of biodiesel of FAIE. For example, with M IOE = 5 at esterification temperature (T E ) = 394.2 K (393.8-394.7 K), a reduction of AV of 99.25% with Y F of 67.15% can be achieved. Free fatty acid (FFA) was reduced from 18.06 wt.% to 0.14 wt.%, indicating 17.92 wt.% out of 18.06 wt.% of FFA was esterified to FAIE. As a result, among the Y F of 67.15%, 49.23% (= 67.15 wt.% deducting 17.92 wt.%) was contributed by the transesterification of triglycerides. By esterification of high FFA-containing raw JO with acid catalyst, one can not only avoid saponification, but also reduce the loading of the subsequent alkali-catalyzed transesterification. Moreover, increasing T E from 394.2 to 454.4 K further reduced AV (from 0.27 to 0.084 mg KOH/g) and M W (from 0.27 to 0.043 wt.%), but, on the other hand, it increased KV (from 14.62 to 25.2 mm 2 /s) and ρ LO (from 901.6 to 913.3 kg/m 3 ), while it decreased Y F (from 67.15 to 25.84%). In sum, IPA was successfully used as a replacement for methanol in the esterification of JO while UI provided mixing/emulsion along with heating resulting from cavitation for the system.

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Adsorption of chlorinated volatile organic compounds using activated carbon made from Jatropha curcas seeds

Cited by 65 publications

References 17 publications

Utilization of zinc chloride for surface modification of activated carbon derived from Jatropha curcas L. for absorbent material

Utilization of zinc chloride for surface modification of activated carbon derived from Jatropha curcas L. for absorbent material

Influence of chlorine substitution on adsorption of gaseous chlorinated phenolics on multi-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in SiO2

Esterification of Jatropha Oil with Isopropanol via Ultrasonic Irradiation

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