Adsorption of chlorophenolic compounds on activated clinoptilolite

Abstract

Nowadays, phenol and chlorophenols give rise to many organic pollutants. Concurrently, the occurring of phenolic compounds in aquatic ambit creates potential human health and environmental problems. There are a lot of technologies available for the treatment of organic pollutants. To remove phenol and chlorophenols, adsorption is a wastewater purification method. In this study, natural and activated clinoptilolite were carried out for the removal of phenol, orthochlorophenol, para-chlorophenol, and meta-chlorophenol. Activated clinoptilolite was prepared via acid activation and evaluated by means of Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. Phenol and chlorophenols have high adsorption rate, and equilibrium was reached in approximately 30 min. The maximum adsorptions of phenol, ortho-chlorophenol, meta-chlorophenol, and para-chlorophenols on the activated clinoptilolite were 6.7386, 8.6300, 9.5787, and 7.3758 mg g À1 , respectively. The affinity order was in the following order: m-CP > o-CP > p-CP > Ph. The adsorption of phenol and chlorophenols decreased after pH ¼ 6.25. Using the thermodynamic data, Gibbs free energy of the activated clinoptilolite was evaluated. The effects of different conditions such as pH, adsorption time, and initial concentration were analyzed. The adsorption rates of phenol and chlorophenols were constituted to be the maximum at approximately pH 6.5. Desorption of phenol and chlorophenols was carried out using ethyl alcohol solution (30%, v/v). The adsorption isotherms of phenol and chlorophenols on activated clinoptilolite were evaluated. The equilibrium adsorption data were the best suited to Freundlich adsorption isotherm pattern.

Adsorption Properties of Activated Tire Pyrolysis Chars for Phenol and Chlorophenols

“…The substituents in the aromatic ring change the physiochemical as well as the energetic characteristics of the molecule, resulting in additional strengthening or weakening of the adsorption . The chlorine substituents reduce the electron density of the aromatic ring, cause a decrease of solubility in water, and enhance the molecule hydrophobicity . The hydrophobicities of the compounds used in this paper increase with an increase of the substitution degree (Ph < 4CP < DCP).…”

Cibacron Blue F3GA Bağlı mPHEMA ile Sulu Sistemden Fenol ve Nitrofenollerin Uzaklaştırılması

“…where C o and C A show the initial and equilibrium P and NPs concentrations (mg/L), respectively; V is the volume of the solution (mL) and m is the amount of CB-F3GA@mPHEMA (mg) [9,20,30].…”

“…Adsorption technique is recently being utilized commonly for the elimination of contaminants at a low concentration [5]. In this technique some special sorbents, such as metal oxides, activated carbon, resins, silica, clinoptilolite have been utilized [6][7][8][9]. They have a ligand that interacts with pollutants specifically [10].…”

Modifiye Nanobentonitle Sulu Ortamdan Fenol ve 4-Klorofenolün Giderilmesi

“…Farklı başlangıç denge çalışmalarında 4-CP (10-400 ppm) konsantrasyonları kullanılmıştır. Adsorpsiyon kinetiği, denge ve termodinamiğin ölçülmesine yönelik deneysel prosedürler, önceki çalışmalarımızda ayrıntılı olarak tarif edilmiş ve tartışılmıştır (Denizli vd., 2001, Denizli vd., 2002, Uçar vd., 2014, Evcin vd., 2014, Uçar vd., 2015, Uçar 2019). 4-CP'nin konsantrasyonu, 280 nm'de DR 5000 spektrofotometre kullanılarak belirlendi.…”

“…Güçlü bir kokuya sahip, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirliği zayıf, toksik ve kanserojen özelliklere sahip ortamlarda kalıcıdırlar. Çevre Koruma Ajansı (EPA) P ve 4-CP'leri tehlikeli kirleticiler olarak sınıflandırmış olup, bunların giderilmesi ve tayinlerine büyük önem vermiştir (Uçar 2019, Uçar vd., 2020. Bu gibi kirleticilerin su ortamından uzaklaştırılmasında çeşitli yöntemler mevcuttur.…”