Adsorption of Chromium Ions on Activated Carbon Produced from Cow Bones

Abstract

Due to the broad range uses of chromium for industrial purposes, besides its carcinogenic effect, an efficient, cost effective removal method should be obtained. In this study, cow bones as a cheap raw material were utilized to produce active carbon (CBAC) by physiochemical activation, which was characterized using: SEM to investigate surface morphology and BET to estimate the specific surface area. The best surface area of CBAC was 595.9 m2/gm which was prepared at 600 ᵒC activation temperature and impregnation ratio of 1:1.5. CBAC was used in aqueous chromium ions adsorption. The investigated factors and their ranges are: initial concentration (10-50 mg/L), adsorption time (30-300 min), temperature (20-50 ᵒC) and solution pH (2-11). Isotherm of adsorption and its kinetics were studied. The adsorption process was modeled statistically and was represented by an empirical model. Equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the data best represented by Freundlich isotherm. Pseudo- first order and pseudo- second order kinetic equations were utilized to study adsorption kinetics, where chromium adsorption on CBAC fitted pseudo- second order fitted the data more adequately. The best removal efficiency was found to be 94.32%.

Comparative Study between Activated Carbon and Charcoal for the Development of Latent Fingerprints on Nonporous Surfaces

“…Regarding the activation temperatures, it was perceived that as the temperature was increased from 500 to 620 °C, the yield of AAC increased till it reached an optimum value at nearly 630 o C. These results interpreted that as the activation temperature increased, the structure tended to become more porous due to KOH evaporation. After that, the percentage of yield starts to go lower because high activation temperatures caused pore explosion, resulting in reduced yield values [21].…”

Parametric and Kinetic Study of Nitrate Removal from Water by Modified Chitosan Composite Beads

“…10,11 It has been recognized that the type of adsorbent plays a crucial role in the adsorption process. Numerous studies suggest various adsorbents, including organic adsorbents, inorganic adsorbents, and agricultural wastages such as activated carbon, 12 silica gel, 13 and dates pits. 14 Recently, chitosan has been addressed as one of the adsorbents used successfully in removing toxic ions.…”

Removal of Diclofenac from Contaminated Water using Organoclay as Reactive Material

“…Anti-inflammatory medications such as naproxen, diclofenac, piroxicam, and celecoxib have been around for a long time and are still in use. This is a big reason why aquatic ecosystems are so polluted [9], [10]. Diclofenac (DIC), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug is one of the most important medications, frequently used to treat pain and inflammation caused by migraines, arthritis, gout, and other diseases.…”