Adsorption of lead onto smectite from aqueous solution

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of a new method of adsorption using membrane filtration to determine the maximum amount of lead adsorbed by clay and investigate the behavior of the clay after adsorption of the said metal. Treatment of wastewater contaminated with heavy metals depends on the characteristics of the effluent, the amount of final discharge, the cost of treatment, and the compatibility of the treatment process. The process of adsorption of heavy metals by clays may be a simple, selective, and economically viable alternative to the conventional physical-chemical treatment. This is justified by the importance of the surface developed by this material, the presence of negative charges on the said surface, the possibility of ion exchange taking place, and its wide availability in nature. The removal of lead from wastewater was studied by using the adsorption technique and using clay as the adsorbent. A method was optimized for adsorption through a membrane approaching natural adsorption. This new method is simple, selective, and the lead adsorption time is about 3 days. The various properties of clay were determined. It was observed that the cation exchange capacity of the clay was 56 meq/100 g of hydrated clay for the raw sample and 82 meq/100 g for the purified sample. The total surface area determined by the methylene blue method was equal to 556 and 783 m(2)/g for the raw and purified samples, respectively. The adsorption kinetics depends on several parameters. The Pb(II) clay, obeys the Langmuir, Freundlich, and the Elovich adsorption isotherms with high regression coefficients. The use of this adsorbent notably decreases the cost of treatment. It was concluded that clay shows a strong adsorption capacity on Pb(II), the maximum interaction occurring with purified clay treated at high concentration of lead. It is proposed that this adsorption through a membrane be extended for the treatment of effluents containing other metals.

Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions by an adsorbent based on metal-organic framework and polyoxometalate

“…Comparison of removal rate for different initial concentration of MB in pure Cu 3 (BTC) 2 and H 6 P 2 W 18 O 62 @Cu 3 (BTC) 2 The initial concentration is an important factor, which provides an essential driving force to get rid of the mass transfer resistance of the molecules between the adsorbent and the aqueous [42]. The adsorption behaviors of Cu 3 (BTC) 2 and H 6 P 2 W 18 O 62 @Cu 3 (BTC) 2 towards MB with different initial concentrations are compared as shown in Fig.…”

Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions by Phytolacca americana L. biomass as a low cost biosorbent

“…The focus of the adsorption process was to obtain an abundant and inexpensive adsorbent with high adsorption capacity. A variety of traditional adsorbents, for example activated carbon (Monser and Adhoum, 2009;Raoa et al, 2009), mineral materials (Mhamdi et al, 2013;Figueiredo and Quintelas, 2014) and inorganic materials (Luo et al, 2014) have been utilized to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. However, the high cost and limited reusability hinder the widespread application of these adsorbents (Kurniawan et al, 2006b).…”

Synthesis Characterization and Adsorption Study of New Resin PVC8-Hydroxyquinoline -5-Sulfonic Acid with Toxic Metals

“…To do this, buffer soluble of PH range 2-10 were prepared from 0.15M phosphoric acid and 0.15M sodium phosphate (18) . A pH meter (HANA, HI 8417, Fugle) was used to measure the PH.A different sets of weight (0.25± 0.001g) dry resin were equilibrated with buffer in differed stopped bottle for 24 hrs., so that resin attained desired pH value (19)(20) .…”