Adsorption of poly(4‐vinylpyridine) N‐alkyl quaternized at the chloroform/water interface

Abstract

The Du Noüy method has been employed to study the interfacial properties of poly(4‐vinylpyridine) N‐n‐alkyl quaternized with hexyl, octyl and decyl bromide, at the chloroform/water interface. The interfacial tension is highly dependent on the hydrophilic–hydrophobic balance between the pyridinium group and the length of the polyelectrolyte side aliphatic chain. The excess interfacial concentration, Γ, is determined according to the Gibbs–Szyszkowski equation. The areas covered by monomer unit at the interface, σ, are smaller than those reported for low molecular weight amphipathic molecules. The linear dependence of $\Delta G_{\rm{ads}}^{\rm{o}}$ with the number of carbon atoms on the side‐chain allows the determination of a contribution of just 0.13 kJ for each methylene lateral group and −36 kJ for the vinylpyridinium bromide contributions to $\Delta G_{\rm{ads}}^{\rm{o}}$. The dependence of the interfacial tension on temperature suggests that the entropy is the main factor determining the adsorption process. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry

Poly(ethylene oxide)s hydrophobically modified. Adsorption and spreading at the air–water interface

“…In order to quantify the adsorption process, the following form of the Gibbs equation was used [26]:…”

Lysozyme binding to poly(4-vinyl-N-alkylpyridinium bromide)

“…Cationic polyelectrolytes can be easily obtained by N-alkylation of poly(4-vinylpyridine) using alkyl halides of various alkyl chain lengths [1][2][3] to control the amphiphilic character of quaternized polyvinylpyridine (QPVP). For QPVP carrying very short alkyl groups (H, methyl or ethyl) electrostatically driven adsorption onto negatively charged solid surfaces has been studied over the last 20 years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

“…For QPVP carrying very short alkyl groups (H, methyl or ethyl) electrostatically driven adsorption onto negatively charged solid surfaces has been studied over the last 20 years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Kawaguchi and co-workers [4] showed that the adsorption of QPVP onto nonporous silica increased with increasing KBr concentration due to a decrease in the excluded volume of polymer chains.…”

Carboxymethylcellulose acetate butyrate/poly(4-vinyl-N-pentyl pyridinium bromide) blends as antimicrobial coatings

“…pyridinium bromide), QPVP-C5 Bromide salt of PVP quaternized with linear pentyl chains was prepared in a flask with a reflux condenser by dissolving PVP (10 wt%) in anhydrous ethanol, adding the 1-bromopentane with an excess of 5 times the stoichiometric amount and keeping the mixture stirring under nitrogen atmosphere for 24 h at 60°C [23,24], as schematically represented in Figure 2. The mixture was then precipitated in diethyl-ether to obtain a slightly yellow solid that was re-dissolved in ethanol and re-precipitated the same way.…”