Adsorptive removal capacity of gravel for metal cations in the absence/presence of competitive adsorption

Abstract

Locally available and low cost granular gravel as an adsorbent material was employed to determine its capacity to remove metal cations Cu(II), Fe(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) from single metal solution and landfill leachate samples. Adsorption kinetics and mechanism under different parameters including dosage, time, and pH were studied. It was found that the experimental results fitted to the Freundlich model suggesting an adsorption process on a multilayer heterogeneous surface for both single metal solution and landfill leachate samples. The adsorption of metal cations followed second-order kinetics occurring in a single step on the surface of gravel. The order of removal efficiency of metals was found to be Cu(II)(98%) > Fe(II)(87.5%) > Zn(II)(76.05%) > Ni(II)(36.38%) in single metal solution and Cu(II)(98.3%) > Fe(II)(83%) > Zn(II)(48%) > Ni(II)(27.32%) in landfill leachate sample at pH 7. The regeneration efficiency of the metals adsorbed on the gravel resulted in the order of Fe(II)(99.54%) > Cu(II)(99%) > Ni(II)(49.46%) > Zn (II)(2.25%).

The effect of pyrolysis temperature and feedstock on date palm waste derived biochar to remove single and multi-metals in aqueous solutions

“…Nickel presents as nickel hydroxide at basic solutions [58]. Fe (II) ions form iron hydroxide at alkaline ranges [58,59]. It has to be noted that at higher pH values, both the adsorption of metal ions through electrostatic attraction and the precipitation process contribute to the removal efficiencies.…”

Synthesis of sewage sludge‐based carbon/TiO2/ZnO nanocomposite adsorbent for the removal of Ni(II), Cu(II), and chemical oxygen demands from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewater

“…The maximum permissible limits for Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD in water are 0.2 mg/L, 2 mg/L, and 200 mg/L, respectively (Sponza & Karaoǧlu, 2002). Several methods including coagulation (Shahriari, Bidhendi, Mehrdadi, & Torabian, 2014), advance oxidation processes (Marinho, Cristóvão, Boaventura, & Vilar, 2019), flotation (Deliyanni, Kyzas, & Matis, 2017), ion exchange (Siu, Koong, Saleem, Barford, & McKay, 2016), precipitation (Rabii, Bidhendi, & Mehrdadi, 2012), solvent extraction (Kul & Oskay, 2015), membrane filtration (Yurekli, 2016;Zhu, Sun, Gao, Fu, & Chung, 2014), adsorption (Abbas et al, 2016;Inyang et al, 2016;Jain, Garg, Kadirvelu, & Sillanpää, 2016;Sarma, Gupta, & Bhattacharyya, 2019;Sizirici et al, 2018), and biological processes (Gunatilake, 2015) have been used for the removal of toxic materials from wastewaters. Among them, the adsorption process as an effective economical method has been reported for the removal of heavy metal ions and COD from aqueous solutions (Inyang et al, 2016;Jain et al, 2016).…”

Insights into thep-nitrophenol adsorption by amidoxime-modified poly(acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid): characterization, kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamic, regeneration and mechanism study

“…This is due to the overlapping of the adsorbent as a result of suspended excess adsorbent particles and hence fewer available active sites. 59 Therefore, the AO-modied poly(AN-co-AA) dose of 0.2 g was conrmed to be the optimal quantity with which further tests would be undertaken.…”