Adsorptive scavenging of cationic dyes from aquatic phase by H3PO4 activated Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) seeds based activated carbon: Isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic study

Investigating the sequestration potential of a novel biopolymer-modified ceria/montmorillonite nanocomposite for chromium and coomassie brilliant blue from the aqueous phase: equilibrium and kinetic studies

“…If the value of E (kJ mol −1 ) is reported 34 to be between 1 and 8 kJ mol −1 , then physical adsorption will prevail in the adsorption process, between 8–16 kJ mol −1 ion-exchange phenomena is encountered, and chemical interaction dominates above 16 kJ mol −1 . The values of energy of adsorption ( E ) for CBB (0.062–0.073 kJ mol −1 ) and Cr( vi ) (0.085–0.098 kJ mol −1 ) affirmed physisorption.…”

Efficient liquid phase confiscation of nile blue using a novel hybrid nanocomposite synthesized from guar gum-polyacrylamide and erbium oxide

“…The %R initially increased from 93.87 to 97.37 with an increment in adsorbent loading up to 0.8 g/L due to greater available active sites onto nanocomposite surface or an overall improved surface area, followed by a slow decrease thereafter. This decline in uptake efficacy on further increment in dosage might be due to higher accessible active sites relative to the number of NB molecules 54 . The removal capacity, however, showed an opposing trend with increase in adsorbent loading, which might be attributed to the overlapping of active sites, and/or decrease in surface area due to aggregation of adsorbent particles at higher dose that limited the removal capacity 54 , 55 .…”

“…This decline in uptake efficacy on further increment in dosage might be due to higher accessible active sites relative to the number of NB molecules 54 . The removal capacity, however, showed an opposing trend with increase in adsorbent loading, which might be attributed to the overlapping of active sites, and/or decrease in surface area due to aggregation of adsorbent particles at higher dose that limited the removal capacity 54 , 55 . Therefore, 0.8 g/L of nanocomposite was selected as optimal dose for further studies.…”

Chitosan entrapped microporous activated carbon composite as a supersorbent for remazol brilliant blue R

“…This was quite obvious as the maximum number of sites were available on the Cs–C surface in the beginning, but over time the sites get occupied by dye molecules, and equilibrium is reached in about 60 min. 45…”

“…This was quite obvious as the maximum number of sites were available on the Cs-C surface in the beginning, but over time the sites get occupied by dye molecules, and equilibrium is reached in about 60 min. 45 The increase in RBBR concentration led to a reduction in the percentage adsorption but increase in the value of q e (Fig. 3d).…”