“…Analytical techniques of inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic fluorescence spectroscopy and electrochemistry are commonly used for heavy metal detection . Stripping voltammetry, as one of the most sensitive electrochemical techniques for metal determination, has been reported extensively for detection of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Zn, Cu, Ag, Cr, Ni, and Ti, etc . CNTs, as well as other carbon nanostructures, offer distinctive advantages of large surface area, fast electron transfer rate, high sensitivity and low cost hence have been widely researched for use in electrochemical metal ion sensing .…”