Advance in herpes simplex viruses for cancer therapy

Liu, Shanglong; Dai, M; You, Lei; Zhao, Yupei

doi:10.1007/s11427-013-4466-4

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…HSV often infects the mucosa of the mouth, eyes and the human anogenital tract (117). The natural infection of HSV may activate double stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) to phosphorylate the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-4A, and subsequently terminate host protein synthesis in order to prevent viral replication (118).…”

Section: Oncolytic Virotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway is frequently activated in cancer cells, which suppresses PKR and enables γ-34.5-deficient HSV to replicate selectively in cancer cells (119). In addition, the ICP-6 gene encodes the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, which is essential for the replication of viral DNA and is highly expressed in rapidly dividing tumor cells (117). ICP-6-mutated HSV is only able to replicate in rapidly dividing cells, but not in quiescent cells (117).…”

Section: Oncolytic Virotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the ICP-6 gene encodes the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, which is essential for the replication of viral DNA and is highly expressed in rapidly dividing tumor cells (117). ICP-6-mutated HSV is only able to replicate in rapidly dividing cells, but not in quiescent cells (117). Thus, ICP-6/γ-34.5-deleted HSV imposes oncolytic activity in tumor tissue and low pathogenicity in normal tissues (117).…”

Section: Oncolytic Virotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ICP-6-mutated HSV is only able to replicate in rapidly dividing cells, but not in quiescent cells (117). Thus, ICP-6/γ-34.5-deleted HSV imposes oncolytic activity in tumor tissue and low pathogenicity in normal tissues (117). NV1020 is an attenuated, replication-competent, recombinant virus that is derived from HSV-1 (120).…”

Section: Oncolytic Virotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategies and developments of immunotherapies in osteosarcoma

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Osteosarcoma (OS) is a frequently observed primary malignant tumor. Current therapy for osteosarcoma consists of comprehensive treatment. The long-term survival rate of patients exhibiting nonmetastatic OS varies between 65-70%. However, a number of OS cases have been observed to be resistant to currently used therapies, leading to disease recurrence and lung metastases, which are the primary reasons leading to patient mortality. In the present review, a number of pieces of evidence provide support for the potential uses of immunotherapy, including immunomodulation and vaccine therapy, for the eradication of tumors via upregulation of the immune response. Adoptive T-cell therapy and oncolytic virotherapy have been used to treat OS and resulted in objective responses. Immunologic checkpoint blockade and targeted therapy are also potentially promising therapeutic tools. Immunotherapy demonstrates significant promise with regard to improving the outcomes for patients exhibiting OS.

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Section: Oncolytic Virotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oncolytic Virotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oncolytic Virotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oncolytic Virotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Strategies and developments of immunotherapies in osteosarcoma

et al. 2015

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“…Also, the α47 promoter increases the expression of MCH-I, thereby improving the tumor antigen presentation. NV1020 NV1020 is derived from HSV-1 with a deletion in UL/S junction (α0, α4 and γ134.5), one copy of UL56, thymidine kinase (TK) gene and addition of the promoter for the gene UL24 and an exogenous copy of TK gene placed under control of the ICP4 promoter enabling its attenuation so that it could replicate only in a tumor cell 45 . Clinical studies with patients having colorectal adenocarcinomas metastatic to the liver showed major reduction in tumor size when administered intravenously in conjugation with chemotherapy 46 .…”

Section: G207 and G47 Deltamentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Oncolytic Viruses for Cure of Colorectal Cancer

Davis¹

2015

CRJ

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Abstract:Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed and lethal cancers worldwide. It is the resultant of multistep processes caused by the accumulation of genetic/epigenetic aberrations. The different therapeutic strategies like radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, used individually or in different combinations, do not remove tumors or their progression all the time. Besides, these procedures involve surrounding cells and tissues. In case of surgery, which is possible only before metastasis, even a single cancer cell left out during surgery, cause further cancer. Focus has been laid in developing agents that could specifically target the cancer cells and leave out the remaining normal cells. This also attempt at total recovery. This was how the focus was laid on viral agents. Over the last two decades, due to various advancements in molecular biology, virotherapy has seen various developments. A special class of viruses called oncolytic viruses have been used as a therapeutic strategy against cancer. These agents have various inherent and engineered factors like enhanced tissue tropism, thereby providing high selectivity; armed with transgenes to deliver therapeutic genes and to perform tumor selective replication, all these factors proving them improved and evolved mechanisms, when compared with other cancer therapeutics. These oncolytic viruses provide greater protection in association with herbal remedies. The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed account of some of the current observations, developments and insights made in the field of oncolytic virotherapy for targeting colorectal cancer cells. A panel of five oncolytic viruses i.e. adenovirus, herpes virus, reovirus, vaccinia virus and new castle disease virus that are under clinical studies for targeting colorectal cancer cells have been discussed.

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Oncolytic Viruses for Potential Osteosarcoma Therapy

Hingorani

Sampson

Lettieri

et al. 2014

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Since the first anecdotal reports of dramatic tumor responses following a viral infection in early 1900s, the field of oncolytic virotherapy has evolved at a rapid pace finally making its way into clinical trials. A large number of both wild-type and genetically altered viruses with a preferential replication-competency for tumor cells have been studied in tissue cultures, animal models and in humans, with an ever increasing repertoire of new viruses being added to this pool. Although oncolytic viruses have caused dramatic antitumor responses in cell cultures and mouse models, their clinical effects in humans have been modest. Therefore, the current research is focused on understanding the mechanisms by which viruses kill tumor cells, the barriers to successful viral delivery and penetration into tumor cells, the role of the immune system in viral oncolysis and generating stronger target specific and replication competent viruses. Osteosarcoma is a challenging malignancy to identify novel targets for therapy due to its complex genetic make-up. Oncolytic virotherapy may be a promising approach as a novel therapeutic, not dependent on consistent expression of a single target. In this review we summarize the supportive evidence and rationale for use of viral oncolysis in osteosarcoma along with the specific challenges it may face.

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Advance in herpes simplex viruses for cancer therapy

Cited by 15 publications

References 78 publications

Strategies and developments of immunotherapies in osteosarcoma

Strategies and developments of immunotherapies in osteosarcoma

Application of Oncolytic Viruses for Cure of Colorectal Cancer

Oncolytic Viruses for Potential Osteosarcoma Therapy

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