Advanced Computational Methods In Component-Oriented Modelling Of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Processes

Abstract

Poland was collected 9.6 million tonnes of municipal waste in 2012 (plus update). The primary method of dealing with municipal waste collected was organized depositing them in landfills. Mixed municipal waste accounted for almost 90% of all municipal waste collected (8.6 million tonnes). Poland is one of the lowest in the EU in terms of the use energy from waste. The analysis of complex real-time physical processes, thermal waste processing and determination of their optimal parameters requires a series of studies and detailed analysis of constituents of elementary processes (degassing, gasification, combustion). The apparent simplicity of process implementation often determines knowledge and practical experience required in their application. The relationships known and used in the design usually concern a homogeneous substance (conventional fuels) and do not correspond to the conditions and needs of processing of complex substances of a different chemical composition and physic-chemical properties. Due to the complexity of the real process, numerical calculations were carried out to simulate the operation of a waste incineration technology. For this purpose a mathematical model was developed as well as its implementation in the programming code of a high-level language. In order to calibrate and validate the model (compliance with the real process) calculations were performed on a specially prepared set of validation data. The authors analysed a group of processes that belong to one technology, looking into connections between degassing, gasification and combustion of carbonized substances in pure oxygen.

A Gis Based Graph Oriented Algorithmic Model for Poly-Optimization of Waste Management System

“…The conceptual model of waste management system comprises the definition of assumptions determining the representation method of real components (objects and processes) in the form of simplified computational models implemented numerically with competent-oriented methodology. The topology of the model comprises a logical space of the models of classes of individual elements and processes in the waste management system, including also the processes of contamination propagation in the natural environment taking place during particular technological operations of waste processing [5,9,11]. A key element is the application of the geo-relational data model (geo-relational database) to store the attributes of individual system components.…”

Economic efficiency of biogas generation from food product waste

“…During the process of creating a complex for biogas production, it is important to calculate the efficiency of its extraction from household waste for a specific waste landfill (Equation 1). The peculiarities of this method are the installation of the equipment on the landfill site, which could also have negative sides and affect the ecosystem around (it takes into account the indicators A, B) [8,[9][10][11][12]. Fractional waste treatment is considered to be more environmentally friend as it leads to reduce of residues amount (infinitesimal) and refusal of landfills as a form of waste storage as well as gradual processing of existing landfills [10][11][12][13].…”

“…The peculiarities of this method are the installation of the equipment on the landfill site, which could also have negative sides and affect the ecosystem around (it takes into account the indicators A, B) [8,[9][10][11][12]. Fractional waste treatment is considered to be more environmentally friend as it leads to reduce of residues amount (infinitesimal) and refusal of landfills as a form of waste storage as well as gradual processing of existing landfills [10][11][12][13]. However, in the current situation in Ukraine, it is expedient to install biogas plants until the process of recycling process throughout the country is established.…”

“…Analytical methods and analogical methods for studying waste management in supermarkets of different countries of the world were used. In addition to the general scientific methods, method of economic and mathematical modeling is applied [11]. The basis of the study is not only economic analysis, but also the consideration of the problem from the environmental point of view, which makes it possible to make this study systemic and complete.…”

“…It should be noted that with the growth and fall of the volume of landfill there is different effect on the nature of the indicators of the investment project of installing equipment in landfills solid household waste. It depends on the influence on their life cycle of external factors; therefore, it is advisable to apply the coefficient of elasticity in the stages of the life cycle [5,11,[14][15][16][17][18] to determine the degree of influence of external factors:…”